Oil as energetic source would be over within the next sixty years. It is the reason because countries around the world, but particularly industrialized or developed countries are encouraging the production of biofuels or agrofuels. However, the production of biofuels has different social, economic and environmental impacts in each country depending on its natural resources used for production as well as social and political structures in each region.
There are two main fuels considered as biofuels, which are bioethanol and biodiesel. Biodiesels are fuels that are, in essence, biodegradable and non-toxic. They are manufactured from vegetable oils, waste cooking oils, …show more content…
The main justifications found for this phenomenon are based on global warming and environmental pollution as well the scarcity of petroleum sources around the world. The first biofuels generation use crops as raw material or feedstock, and mostly they are biodiesel and bioethanol, which accounts for over 90% of biofuels that is currently used in the world. In Brazil, Sweden and the United States there are 6 million vehicles that can accept mixtures ethanol/gasoline to 85%. The processing steps are different depending biofuels and raw materials used to obtain the final product. Main steps for bioethanol production, and the technologies used in the first generation are simpler than second generation are, which are based on cellulosic material. In addition, the production costs and investment are lower for the first generation, and it has promoted its popularity (Gonzalez, 2009). However, popularity doesn't necessarily mean benefits, and there are several critiques to biofuels as well as there are praises about this new …show more content…
These new alliances with the help of multinational companies are determining the future of the bioethanol across the planet (Saturnino M Borras Jr. et al. 2010). Brazil is playing a powerful role in ethanol production into any ethanol alliance, and it is not just now, because this country has been traditionally a sugarcane producer; however, the new worldwide needs of alternative energy resources have dramatically modified the dynamic of sugarcane production in Brazil, and other developing