that year. After discovering cancerous cells in his toe, doctors suggested amputation. Marley refused to have the surgery, however, because his religious beliefs prohibited amputation. While working on Exodus, Marley and the Wailers recorded songs that were later released on the album Kaya (1978). With love as its theme, the work featured two hits: “Satisfy My Soul” and “Is This Love.” Also in 1978, Marley returned to Jamaica to perform his One Love Peace Concert, where he got Prime Minister Michael Manley of the PNP and opposition leader Edward Seaga of the JLP to shake hands on stage. That same year, Marley made his first trip to Africa, and visited Kenya and Ethiopia, an especially important nation to him, as it’s viewed as the spiritual homeland of Rastafarians. Perhaps inspired by his travels, his next album, Survival (1979), was seen as a call for both greater unity and an end to oppression on the African continent. In 1980, Bob Marley and The Wailers played an official independence ceremony for the new nation of Zimbabwe.
A huge international success, Uprising (1980) featured “Could You Be Loved” and “Redemption Song.” Known for its poetic lyrics and social and political importance, the pared down, folk-sounding “Redemption Song” was an illustration of Marley’s talents as a songwriter.
One line from the song reads: “Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery; none but ourselves can free our minds.” On tour to support the album, Bob Marley and The Wailers traveled throughout Europe, playing in front of large crowds. The group also planned a series of concerts in the United States, but the group could play only two concerts at Madison Square Garden in New York City, before Marley became ill. The cancer discovered earlier in his toe had spread throughout his body. Traveling to Europe, Bob Marley underwent unconventional treatment in Germany, and was subsequently able to fight off the cancer for months. It soon became clear that Marley didn’t have much longer to live, however, so the musician set out to return to his beloved Jamaica one last time. Sadly, he could not manage to complete the journey, dying in Miami, Florida, on May 11,
1981.
Shortly before his death, Marley received the Order of Merit from the Jamaican government. He had also been awarded the Medal of Peace from the United Nations in 1980. Adored by the people of Jamaica, Marley was given a hero’s send-off. More than 30,000 people paid their respects to the musician during his memorial service, held at the National Arena in Kingston, Jamaica. Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths, Judy Mowatt sang and the Wailers performed at the ceremony.
Bob Marley achieved several great accomplishments during his lifetime, including serving as a world ambassador for reggae music, earning induction into the Rock and Rock Hall of Fame in 1994, and selling more than 20 million records making him the first international superstar to emerge from the so called Third World. Decades after his passing, Marley’s music remains widely acclaimed. His musical legacy has also continued through his family and longtime band mates; Marley’s wife, Rita continued to perform with the I-Threes, the Wailers and some of the Marley children. Marley’s was committed to fighting oppression and also continued through an organization that was established in his memory by his family: The Bob Marley Foundation was devoted to helping organizations and people in developing nations.