bonded labour
Bonded Labour: Social Factors Resulting In The Creation Of The System And Steps Taken To Control It By Our Government.
Introduction
The phenomenon of bonded labour is a “vicious circle”1 where each factor is responsible for further subjugation and apathy of the bonded labourers. The system of bonded labour is an outcome of certain categories of indebtedness which have been prevailing for a long time involving certain economically, exploited, helpless and weaker sections of the society. The bonded or forced labour system was known by different names in different parts of the country like Beggar, Sagri or Hali, Jeetham etc. The problems of bonded labour is socioeconomic of surplus labour, unemployment/under-employment, inequitable distribution of land and assets, low wages, distress migration, social customs etc.
Section 2 of the Slave Trade Act 1843 enacted by the British Parliament declared "persons Holden in servitude as pledges for debt", ie, bonded laborers, to "be slaves or persons intended to be dealt with as slaves" for the purpose of the Slave Trade Act 1824 and the Slavery Abolition Act 1833.2
In People’s Union for Democratic Rights and others Vs. Union of India and others3 , bonded labour has been defined as “when a person provides labour of service to another for remuneration which is less than the minimum wage, the labour or service provided by him clearly falls within the scope and ambit of the words “forced labour” under Article 23 (of the Constitution of India).
SOCIAL FACTORS IN BONDED LABOUR
Social discrimination, along with limited economic opportunities and a life of labour, makes it almost impossible for marginalized groups to attain basic educational qualifications, sustain good health, and embark on other activities, which are important for individual mental, physical and material well-being. This has occurred to such an extent that they have become resource and capability poor, with a high proportion of chronic poverty and,
Introduction
The phenomenon of bonded labour is a “vicious circle”1 where each factor is responsible for further subjugation and apathy of the bonded labourers. The system of bonded labour is an outcome of certain categories of indebtedness which have been prevailing for a long time involving certain economically, exploited, helpless and weaker sections of the society. The bonded or forced labour system was known by different names in different parts of the country like Beggar, Sagri or Hali, Jeetham etc. The problems of bonded labour is socioeconomic of surplus labour, unemployment/under-employment, inequitable distribution of land and assets, low wages, distress migration, social customs etc.
Section 2 of the Slave Trade Act 1843 enacted by the British Parliament declared "persons Holden in servitude as pledges for debt", ie, bonded laborers, to "be slaves or persons intended to be dealt with as slaves" for the purpose of the Slave Trade Act 1824 and the Slavery Abolition Act 1833.2
In People’s Union for Democratic Rights and others Vs. Union of India and others3 , bonded labour has been defined as “when a person provides labour of service to another for remuneration which is less than the minimum wage, the labour or service provided by him clearly falls within the scope and ambit of the words “forced labour” under Article 23 (of the Constitution of India).
SOCIAL FACTORS IN BONDED LABOUR
Social discrimination, along with limited economic opportunities and a life of labour, makes it almost impossible for marginalized groups to attain basic educational qualifications, sustain good health, and embark on other activities, which are important for individual mental, physical and material well-being. This has occurred to such an extent that they have become resource and capability poor, with a high proportion of chronic poverty and,