Book Review Gulliver's Travels

ENGLISH PROJECT WORK
SESSION- 2013-14

A REVIEW OF A NOVEL

BY- JONATHAN SWIFT

PREPARED BY: - GUIDED BY:-
V.SAI SUBHANKAR MRS PADMAKSHI
ROLL NO: – 36 BEHERA
CLASS- VIII-‘B’ TGT ENGLISH

DETAILS OF THE BOOK

TITLE: - Gulliver’s Travels
AUTHOR: - Jonathan Swift
ORIGINAL TITTLE: - Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, in Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of several Ships
LANGUAGE: - English
GENRE: - Fantasy, Satire
PUBLISHER: - Benjamin Motte
YEAR OF PUBLICATION: - 1726

INTRODUCTION OF THE AUTHOR
JONATHAN SWIFT

INTRODUCTION: - Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 – 19 October 1745) was an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.
Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin, Ireland in 1667 and came of age at the height of the Glorious Revolution, in which James II, a Roman Catholic, was forced to abdicate in favour of William of Orange, a Protestant. Although he was a great literary figure even in his time, we know very little about his private life. For example, we are not even sure if he married. He became an influential member of the British government but he never achieved the position in the Church of England that he felt he deserved. He was, he felt, banished to the deanship of St. Patrick’s and when his party fell from power with the accession of George I, his period in the political limelight came to an end. Swift died in a mental institution, finally struck down by an illness which had probably been with him for a long time. But he wasn’t mad when he wrote Gulliver’s Travels, a brilliant satire on politics and society, and a timeless book for children.
DATE OF BIRTH: - 30 November 1667
DATE OF DEATH: - 19 October 1745 (aged 77)
SOME CREATIONS: -
1. A Modest Proposal
2. A Journal to Stella
3. Drapier's Letters
4. The Battle of the Books

GIST OF THE NOVEL
INTRODUCTION TO THE NOVEL
Gulliver’s Travel

Gulliver’s Travels is not really a children’s book, but it has been seen as a children’s story right from the start: little people, big people, talking horses. It was first published in 1726. At the time that Swift published Gulliver’s Travels, he was dean of St. Patrick’s Cathedral in Dublin. The book, which made fun of the political scene and certain prominent people in England, was published anonymously and was a great success. In each of the three stories in this book, the hero, Lemuel Gulliver, embarks on a voyage, but, as in the Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor on which the stories may in part have been based, some calamity befalls him. First, Gulliver arrives in Lilliput, where he finds himself a giant, held prisoner by tiny men. They are initially afraid of him, but he gradually wins their trust and eventually helps them in their war against Blefuscu. The second land he visits is called Brobdingnag, a land of giants. Gulliver, now a tiny person, has to work as a freak in a show at first but is then rescued by the Queen and has long talks with the King. Gulliver finally ends up in the land of the Houyhnhnms, peaceful horses who have created a perfect society, except for the presence of monkey-like Yahoos. Although Gulliver looks like a well-kempt Yahoo, he wants to be a Houyhnhnm. Finally, he has to leave because he does not fit into this society.

Summary of Part I: A Journey to Lilliput
Gulliver sets off on the ship Antelope to the South Seas, but strong winds wreck it. Gulliver lands on an island and when he wakes up he finds himself tied to the ground. A large number of little men (no larger than Gulliver’s hands) keep him prisoner and when he tries to break free, they attack him with arrows. Gulliver stays still not to get hurt. Then they bring him food and drink and plan to take him to the king but still tied with strings. He is given a house, an old church, but Gulliver is still tied to the wall of the church. Lilliputians think he is dangerous. Some men attack Gulliver and when the king’s men throw them to Gulliver, he pretends he is going to eat them, but then sets them free. Gulliver is kind, so the king will not kill him, and he teaches Gulliver their language. The king promises to untie Gulliver’s strings if he follows his written rules. Gulliver hands over his belongings: his sword and his guns. Now he can walk again. Gulliver learns about the war between Lilliput and Blefuscu and offers to help the king: he pulls forty large Blefuscu ships to Lilliput. The king is happy, but as he is very ambitious he wants Gulliver to help him kill the Big-enders, enemies of his people, the Little-enders. Gulliver refuses to do so. The people from Blefuscu and Lilliput finally put an end to their war. The king of Blefuscu invites Gulliver to his island. Gulliver finally decides to leave Lilliput and goes to the enemy island. After a short stay at Blefuscu, Gulliver leaves for home.

The book begins with a short preamble in which Lemuel Gulliver, in the style of books of the time, gives a brief outline of his life and history before his voyages. He enjoys travelling, although it is that love of travel that is his downfall.
During his first voyage, Gulliver is washed ashore after a shipwreck and finds himself a prisoner of a race of tiny people, less than 6 inches tall, who are inhabitants of the island country of Lilliput. After giving assurances of his good behaviour, he is given a residence in Lilliput and becomes a favorite of the court. From there, the book follows Gulliver's observations on the Court of Lilliput. He is also given the permission to roam around the city on a condition that he must not harm their subjects. Gulliver assists the Lilliputians to subdue their neighbours, the Blefuscudians, by stealing their fleet. However, he refuses to reduce the island nation of Blefuscu to a province of Lilliput, displeasing the King and the court. Gulliver is charged with treason for, among other "crimes", "making water" in the capital (even though he was putting out a fire and saving countless lives.) He is convicted and sentenced to be blinded, but with the assistance of a kind friend, he escapes to Blefuscu. Here he spots and retrieves an abandoned boat and sails out to be rescued by a passing ship, which safely takes him back home. This book of the Travels is a topical political satire.[2]
Summary of Part II: Gulliver in Brobdingnag
When Gulliver sets off again to the Indies, his ship is hit by another storm and he is once again marooned on an unknown island: Brobdingnag, land of giants. He lives on a farm and the farmer’s daughter teaches Gulliver their language. The farmer, an ambitious man, makes money by showing Gulliver around the country. Gulliver falls ill. When he is brought before the queen of Brobdingnag she buys Gulliver because she likes him a lot. The farmer’s daughter stays with him. The king shows interest in England’s political system and asks Gulliver questions which embarrass him. He wants to impress the king with his country’s wonders only to discover that in Brobdingnag there is no war and people help each other instead of fighting. His happy stay ends when a huge bird lifts him high into the air then drops him into the sea, but he is soon rescued and on his way back home again.
When the sailing ship Adventure is blown off course by storms and forced to put into land for want of fresh water, Gulliver is abandoned by his companions and found by a farmer who is 72 feet (22 m) tall (the scale of Brobdingnag is about 12:1, compared to Lilliput's 1:12, judging from Gulliver estimating a man's step being 10 yards (9.1 m)). He brings Gulliver home and his daughter cares for Gulliver. The farmer treats him as a curiosity and exhibits him for money. Since Gulliver is too small to use their huge chairs, beds, knives and forks, the queen commissions a small house to be built for him so that he can be carried around in it; this is referred to as his 'travelling box'. Between small adventures such as fighting giant wasps and being carried to the roof by a monkey, he discusses the state of Europe with the King. The King is not happy with Gulliver's accounts of Europe, especially upon learning of the use of guns and cannons. On a trip to the seaside, his travelling box is seized by a giant eagle which drops Gulliver and his box into the sea, where he is picked up by some sailors, who return him to England.
This book compares the truly moral man to the representative man; the latter is clearly shown to be the lesser of the two. Swift, being in Anglican holy orders, was keen to make such comparisons.

CHARACTERS IN THE NOVEL:-
GULLIVER’S TRAVELS
Gulliver- Captain Lemuel Gulliver, the narrator.
Blefuscudians- The sworn enemies of the Lilliputians, they live on a neighboring island. Gulliver flees to their island when the Lilliputians convict him of treason.
Brobdingnagians- The inhabitants of Brobdingnag. They are giant creatures relative to Gulliver.
The Emperor- The leader of the Lilliputians. He initially is friendly toward Gulliver but changes his mind about him when Gulliver refuses to continue fighting Blefuscu and puts out a fire in the Empress's chamber by urinating on it.
The Farmer- During his stay in Brobdingnag, Gulliver calls the farmer who takes him in his master. The farmer eventually sells Gulliver to the Queen.
Flimnap- Gulliver's enemy at Lilliput, he accuses Gulliver of sleeping with his wife.
Glumdalclitch- Her name means "little nurse" in Brobdingnagian. This is what Gulliver calls the farmer's daughter, who cares for him during his stay in Brobdingnag.
Mrs. Mary Burton Gulliver- Gulliver's wife.
The King- Gulliver and the King of Brobdingnag spend dozens of hours discussing politics and comparing their two cultures.
Lilliputians- The inhabitants of Lilliput. They are about five to six inches tall. They are the sworn enemies of the Blefuscudians of a neighboring Island.
The Queen- The Queen of Brobdingnag finds Gulliver very entertaining. Because of her huge size, Gulliver is disgusted when she eats.
Redresal- A friend of Gulliver's in Lilliput. He helps Gulliver settle into the strange new land and later helps to reduce Gulliver's possible punishment for treason from execution to having his eyes put out.

COMMENTS

I liked both the stories but the beautiful one was “the fight”. Since this short story was written by Ruskin Bond the language style of it was somehow heart-touching. I am not saying that I did not like “the princess September” at all. It was also interesting simultaneously. The main fact was the story of the fight was based on a typical Indian forest. I chose these two stories to make the project because I had well understood it since beginning of term-2. By reading these two stories I am really feeling much encouraged and I am also thinking to start writing a short story of my own with such fine language I have read in these two stories.