Borderline Personality Disorder: Overview of an Axis Ii Disorder from Various Studies That Demonstrate the Many Aspects from Beginning to End
Borderline Personality Disorder: Overview of an AXIS II Disorder from Various Studies that Demonstrate the Many Aspects from Beginning to End
Nancy Ngo
Soka University of America
Borderline personality disorder is set apart by the other personalities with traits such as unstable interpersonal relationships with others, erratic mood changes, impulsive behavior, and suicidal tendencies. Individuals with this disorder tend to split, meaning they view people and situations as completely unfair or perfect, which brings about catastrophic mindsets. Causes and symptoms are not limited to childhood abuse, hereditary factors, and negative self-perceptions. Those with BPD are “treatment seekers” who impede their relationship with therapist with reckless train of thought, distrust, and self-destructive behavior when seeking for help. I will demonstrate the “beginning-to-end” process of a person with BPD by using the five articles to indicate the specific step by step psychological process a patient may encounter.
The studies from “Betrayal trauma and borderline personality characteristics: Gender differences” (Kaehler & Freyd, 2012) are replicated from a previous research with a different demographic; in this case, a community sample of 749 with the mean age of 50.7, 96% Caucasian, and 80% married as opposed to a group of only college students in the first study. The objective is to link BPD with trauma and insecure attachment styles by using the Betrayal Trauma Theory, which proposes that “individuals may isolate knowledge about betrayals, such as those that occur during maltreatment, in order to maintain a relationship necessary for survival.” Repressed motions result in developing BPD; the nature of the trauma is heavily emphasized, rather than gender differences. Kachler and Freyd reused the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey and Borderline Inventory to find a correlation between borderline tendencies and levels of trauma within the two genders. Men with BPD
Nancy Ngo
Soka University of America
Borderline personality disorder is set apart by the other personalities with traits such as unstable interpersonal relationships with others, erratic mood changes, impulsive behavior, and suicidal tendencies. Individuals with this disorder tend to split, meaning they view people and situations as completely unfair or perfect, which brings about catastrophic mindsets. Causes and symptoms are not limited to childhood abuse, hereditary factors, and negative self-perceptions. Those with BPD are “treatment seekers” who impede their relationship with therapist with reckless train of thought, distrust, and self-destructive behavior when seeking for help. I will demonstrate the “beginning-to-end” process of a person with BPD by using the five articles to indicate the specific step by step psychological process a patient may encounter.
The studies from “Betrayal trauma and borderline personality characteristics: Gender differences” (Kaehler & Freyd, 2012) are replicated from a previous research with a different demographic; in this case, a community sample of 749 with the mean age of 50.7, 96% Caucasian, and 80% married as opposed to a group of only college students in the first study. The objective is to link BPD with trauma and insecure attachment styles by using the Betrayal Trauma Theory, which proposes that “individuals may isolate knowledge about betrayals, such as those that occur during maltreatment, in order to maintain a relationship necessary for survival.” Repressed motions result in developing BPD; the nature of the trauma is heavily emphasized, rather than gender differences. Kachler and Freyd reused the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey and Borderline Inventory to find a correlation between borderline tendencies and levels of trauma within the two genders. Men with BPD
References: Gerull, F., Meares, R., Stevenson, J., Korner, A., & Newman, L. (2008). The beneficial effect on family life in treating borderline personality. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes , 71, 59-70. Kaehler, L. A., & Freyd, J. J. (2012). Betrayal trauma and borderline personality characteristics: Gender differences. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy , 4, 379-385. Katsakou, C., Marougka, S., Barnicot, K., Savill, M., White, H., Lockwood, K., et al. (2012). Recovery in borderline personality disorder (BPD): A qualitative study of service users’ perspectives. PLoS ONE , 7. Leichsenring, F., Masuhr, O., Jaeger, U., Dally, A., & Streeck, U. (2010). The effectiveness of psychoanalytic-interactional psychotherapy in borderline personality disorder. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic , 74, 206-218. Presniak, M. D., Olson, T. R., & MacGregor, M. W. (2010). The role of defense mechanisms in borderline and antisocial personalities. Journal of Personality Assessment , 92, 137-145.