Bystander Effect Outline
The Bystander Effect
I. Introduction:
A. Attention Getter: After the Giants won the Super Bowl in 2012, they did what most football teams do to celebrate. After going to Disneyworld, they held a parade through the streets of New York. During the parade, a fight broke out between a Giants fan and, of course, a Jets fan, the cause of which might seem obvious. Immediately, spectators did what anyone might do when they see a fight break out. They…..pulled out their phones and videotaped it. And from the videos, and there were many, we can see no one, not a single person, jump in and try to break the fight up.
B. Background and Audience Relevance: Recently in the media there have been many stories of instances where someone has cried for help …show more content…
Preview Main Points: First I will share with you some background information on the Bystander Effect, second, what causes us to choose whether to react, and finally what the outcome of the emergency can be.
Transition to first main point: So first, what is the Bystander Effect?
II. Main Point 1: In order to get a better grasp of what the Bystander Effect is, we must first, explore the background of the effect, and second, outline the characteristics of an emergency.
Sub Point A: In 1964, a woman named Kitty Genovese went back to her home at 3am and was attacked by a maniac. Thirty-eight of her neighbors saw what was happening, but not a single one even phoned the police even though the assault lasted for over half an hour, and Kitty died. Latane and Darley researched this phenomenon in their 1969 study published in American Scientist to try and explain why it was that none of Kitty’s neighbors, and people in similar situations, do not try and help. According to Fischer and fellow researchers in a 2011 article published in Psychological Bulletin, the bystander effect “refers to the phenomenon that an individual’s likelihood of helping decreases when passive bystanders are present in a critical situation” (p. 1). Basically, the more people there are, the less likely they are to respond in emergency …show more content…
Main Point 3: While it may seem almost depressing to think that in a time of need nature guides us to run away, or be inactive as individuals, all hope is not lost. The implications of the previous cited research force us to examine two distinct areas for further research, emergency training and volunteerism.
A. Sub point A: First, in light of these findings we as individuals must consider the amount of time and energy we spend on emergency training and its effectiveness. Findings from a 1982 study by Patin and Carver, and published in the Journal of Applied Sociology note that training is often the best solution to the bystander effect. However, within this research Patin and Carver explain that although training is needed for how to respond, training is also needed for calls of emergency. Or in other words, how we alert those to our needs greatly impacts how they
I. Introduction:
A. Attention Getter: After the Giants won the Super Bowl in 2012, they did what most football teams do to celebrate. After going to Disneyworld, they held a parade through the streets of New York. During the parade, a fight broke out between a Giants fan and, of course, a Jets fan, the cause of which might seem obvious. Immediately, spectators did what anyone might do when they see a fight break out. They…..pulled out their phones and videotaped it. And from the videos, and there were many, we can see no one, not a single person, jump in and try to break the fight up.
B. Background and Audience Relevance: Recently in the media there have been many stories of instances where someone has cried for help …show more content…
Preview Main Points: First I will share with you some background information on the Bystander Effect, second, what causes us to choose whether to react, and finally what the outcome of the emergency can be.
Transition to first main point: So first, what is the Bystander Effect?
II. Main Point 1: In order to get a better grasp of what the Bystander Effect is, we must first, explore the background of the effect, and second, outline the characteristics of an emergency.
Sub Point A: In 1964, a woman named Kitty Genovese went back to her home at 3am and was attacked by a maniac. Thirty-eight of her neighbors saw what was happening, but not a single one even phoned the police even though the assault lasted for over half an hour, and Kitty died. Latane and Darley researched this phenomenon in their 1969 study published in American Scientist to try and explain why it was that none of Kitty’s neighbors, and people in similar situations, do not try and help. According to Fischer and fellow researchers in a 2011 article published in Psychological Bulletin, the bystander effect “refers to the phenomenon that an individual’s likelihood of helping decreases when passive bystanders are present in a critical situation” (p. 1). Basically, the more people there are, the less likely they are to respond in emergency …show more content…
Main Point 3: While it may seem almost depressing to think that in a time of need nature guides us to run away, or be inactive as individuals, all hope is not lost. The implications of the previous cited research force us to examine two distinct areas for further research, emergency training and volunteerism.
A. Sub point A: First, in light of these findings we as individuals must consider the amount of time and energy we spend on emergency training and its effectiveness. Findings from a 1982 study by Patin and Carver, and published in the Journal of Applied Sociology note that training is often the best solution to the bystander effect. However, within this research Patin and Carver explain that although training is needed for how to respond, training is also needed for calls of emergency. Or in other words, how we alert those to our needs greatly impacts how they