Immediately, 100 µL of BEC-HRP conjugate diluted using PBS (1:15000) was added to the standard solution. The microtiter plate was incubated for another hour while shaking at 750 rpm. Consequently, another three cycled washing step was performed, 200 µL of the freshly prepared HRP substrate solution was added to each well. The HRP substrate solution25 was 21 ml citrate buffer (220 mM sodium citrate monobasic, pH 4.0) + 8.1µL H2O2 (30%) + 525 µLTMB solution (40 mM TMB, 8 mMtetrabutylammonium borohydride, in N,N-Dimethylacetamide). The microtiter plate was incubated for 30 minutes. Eventually, the color development was stopped by adding 100µL of 1 M H2SO4. And therefore, the absorbance was measured using plate spectrophotometer SpectraMax Plus384 (Molecular Devices, Ismaning, Germany) at 450 nm with 620 nm as a reference. Four parameter fit (4PL) was used for measuring Cocaine ELISA calibration curve; A (upper asymptote), B (slope at the inflection point), C (the inflection point on the calibration curve), and D (lower…
Aspirin (1.30 g , 0.00722 mol), Caffeine (0.00666 g, 0.000350 mol) and Salicylamide (0.390 g, 0.00284 mol) were combined in a 100 mL beaker. To this beaker, ethyl acetate (20 mL) and saturated NaHCO3 (10 mL) were added. The organic and aqueous layers were allowed time to separate before the organic layer was removed and put aside. An additional portion of NaHCO3 solution (10 mL) was added and the separation was repeated. The aqueous layer was put aside in a beaker labeled “NaHCO3 Extract.” To the organic layer still in the separatory funnel, 3M HCl (10 mL) was…
A 125 mL flask was obtained. The square of aluminum was fashioned over the flask by laying the foil over the mouth and folding the sides down. A pin was then obtained and was used to poke a tiny hole in the center of the aluminum cap.…
Chemists often find a method to determine the level of “greenness” of a chemical reaction, or its “atom economy”. A higher atom economy is preferable because a greater amount of the reactants will be present in the product as opposed to the byproduct.1 A Suzuki reaction is classified as an organic, coupling reaction that includes boronic acid and a halide that are catalyzed by a palladium complex under basic conditions. Other palladium- catalyzed coupling mechanisms include the Heck and Stille reactions. Palladium typically exists in the oxidation states of 0, +2, and +4. PdCl2 is usually the starting compound for several other heterogeneous palladium catalysts such as Pd/C and Pd/BaSO4.1 Suzuki coupling is an efficient way to…
Purpose: In this experiment I will determine the mass, density, volume, lengths and temperatures of different objects and liquids to help me better understand the importance of Chemistry and how Chemistry plays a big role in our everyday lives.…
Robber Barons was the negative term for the titans of industry or, as Professor Donald Miller calls them, the capitalist conquistadors. These were the guys like Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Gustavus Swift, Philip Armour, John D. Rockefeller and others who rose to the top and ran monopolies or near-monopolies in the Gilded Age (1870s-1900ish). They were seen as bad because they employed ruthless methods to run competion out of the market, but on the other hand, weren't breaking any laws or rules in this laissez faire timeperiod. These guys also gave a lot of money away: Carnegie built tons of libraries, and Carnegie Mellon University got a lot from him,…
|Wk. 2 Tu 8/27 |Ch. 2 Biochemistry: Introduction |QZ Ch1. Nature of Science |Lab H.O. Group Investigation Lab: |…
Reactions were then incubated at 30°C for 10 minutes, and then placed on ice for 5 minutes. After incubation and cooling, the absorbances of the various samples were analyzed via spectrophotometry, and the final…
SYLLABUS – ADVANCED PLACEMENT CHEMISTRY Required Texts 1. Chemistry: The Central Science by Brown, LeMay and Bursten, 10th ed., Pearson Education. Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2006, ISBN: 0131464892 Includes: Text book, Laboratory Manual, Student Study Guide, AP Test Prep Series, Solutions to Practice Problems 2. Barrons AP Chemistry, Jespersen, Neil D, 4th ed., Barron’s Educational Series, Inc, 250 Wireless Boulevard, Hauppauge, New York 11788, ISBN: 9780764193293 Topics and Concepts Covered Topics covered are suggested by the College Board.…
Materials & Methods Synthesis Procedure of PDA@MT Polydopamine is synthesized through covalent polymerization similar to melanin biosynthesis, with DA oxidized to dopamine quinone, then further oxidized to DHI, which undergoes deprotonation and cross-linking via Michael addition to form PDA. A solution was prepared to synthesize PDA by mixing 90 mL of water, 40 mL of ethanol, and 3 mL of ammonia solution in a 300 mL beaker. After stirring for 30 minutes at 37°C, a solution of 500 mg of DA dissolved in 10 mL of water was added dropwise using a pipette while stirring at 400 rpm. The reaction was continued for 24 hours at 300 rpm, and the particle size was monitored by taking a sample at 12-24 hours and diluting it with water. The reaction product…
Upon following the instructions stated in part I of the experiment, 1.5 grams of barium chloride were placed into a covered crucible and heated atop a Bunsen burner for approximately 5 minutes. The one sparkling, white particles indicated no noticeable change in color, however, there was a considerable lack of shine or shimmer in the once sparkling crystals. The litmus color, which was placed above the smoke vapors of the barium chloride, showed that there was no release of acid during the first heating attempt. After heating the crucible’s contents for an additional 15 minutes, there was no change in the appearance of the barium chloride, nor any indication that an acid had been released during the second heating. Once the crucible was heated…
Richardson, R. (2010, November). Prelab for exercise 4-1 chemical tests for biomolecules (p. 81). Retrieved October 28, 2011, from the Bellevue College Science Division site http://scidiv.bellevuecollege.edu/rkr/biology160/labs/pdfs/ChemistryTests160.pdf…
One gram of Tough Guy protein powder was added to 100 ml of water. 50 µl of the sample was added to respective test tubes: 0.2, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mg/ml protein. 2.5 ml of diluted Bio-Rad assay solution was pipetted into each test tube. Each test tube was covered with Parafilm and placed over approximately 6-8 seconds. The solutions were placed at room temperature for one hour. Optical density was measured using a spectrophotometer at 595 nm. The relationship between the absorbance and concentration of the reaction was recorded on an Excel spreadsheet.…
© Harcourt Education Ltd 2004 Salters Advanced Chemistry These pages have been downloaded from www.heinemann.co.uk/science…
This paper will identify the various major global crimes and criminal issues that affect national and international criminal justice system and processes. In addition, there will be a comparison and contrast of the different criminal justice systems and how they have addressed major global crimes and criminal issues.…