Cabg

Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) is a type of surgery that improves blood flow to the heart (1). It has been almost introduced sixty years ago in humans when G. Murray (1954) succeeded in performing experimental CABG using the internal mammary artery (IMA). The first reported CABG using the IMA in humans was performed by R. Goetz using the sutureless technique in 1960 (2). The CABG operation has become the most completely studied operation in the history of surgery since the coronary artery diseases have become a major life threatening problem with an overall prevalence of 5.5% in KSA (3).
According to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA), CABG is indicated to provide symptomatic relief (primarily angina), improve the quality of life and increase life expectancy to patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Later on,
Patients who will experience little benefit from coronary revascularization are also excluded. CABG is performed in elderly patients for symptomatic relief. However, although age is not a contraindication, CABG is less commonly performed in this group of patients. Because elderly patients have a shorter life expectancy, CABG may not necessarily prolong survival. These patients are also more likely to experience perioperative complications after CABG (2).
It is well-known that CABG improves prognosis in the early post-surgical years and declines the mortality rates dramatically. CABG significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality by 33% at 5 years, as compared with PCI. Outcomes of CABG can be grouped into categories that reflect the expected goals of CABG such as prolongation of life, reduction of symptoms, improvement in physical, psychological and social functioning, and improvement in vocational status