Candles: Wax and Cooking Oil
ALYSSA MIKHAELLA J. LAZARO
ANDREA JOYCE D. OLAES
MA. JOLINA A. YANELA
Cavite National High School
IV-Alexandrite
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. ABSTRACT 3
II. METHODOLOGY 4
III. INTRODUCTION 5 Background of the Study 5 Statement of the Problem 5 Significance of the Study 5 Scope and Limitation 5
IV. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 6 Function/Importance/Role of oil in Candle Making 7
Different sources of oil 8
Cooking oil as a component for Candle Making (Past Studies) 9 V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 10 Lifespan of the Candles 10 Height of Candle Left after Lighting for a Certain Period 11 Longevity of the Candle Flame 12 Surveyed in Terms of Colour, Luminosity, and Fragrance. 14
VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 17
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS 18
VIII. REFERENCES 19
IX. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 20
ABSTRACT
Creation of candles tested by utilizing waste cooking oil or used cooking oil that can be a profitable asset for improving the candle making process, which is the primary concern of this study.
Four different candles were used three of which were made by utilizing different kinds of cooking oil used in cooking chicken, pork and fish. Lifespan, height after lighting at a certain period of time, marketability and time it takes the flame to die out in an open air was gathered and analyzed through different tests and surveys.
Three trials were done for each test and the table shows the
ANDREA JOYCE D. OLAES
MA. JOLINA A. YANELA
Cavite National High School
IV-Alexandrite
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. ABSTRACT 3
II. METHODOLOGY 4
III. INTRODUCTION 5 Background of the Study 5 Statement of the Problem 5 Significance of the Study 5 Scope and Limitation 5
IV. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 6 Function/Importance/Role of oil in Candle Making 7
Different sources of oil 8
Cooking oil as a component for Candle Making (Past Studies) 9 V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 10 Lifespan of the Candles 10 Height of Candle Left after Lighting for a Certain Period 11 Longevity of the Candle Flame 12 Surveyed in Terms of Colour, Luminosity, and Fragrance. 14
VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 17
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS 18
VIII. REFERENCES 19
IX. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 20
ABSTRACT
Creation of candles tested by utilizing waste cooking oil or used cooking oil that can be a profitable asset for improving the candle making process, which is the primary concern of this study.
Four different candles were used three of which were made by utilizing different kinds of cooking oil used in cooking chicken, pork and fish. Lifespan, height after lighting at a certain period of time, marketability and time it takes the flame to die out in an open air was gathered and analyzed through different tests and surveys.
Three trials were done for each test and the table shows the
References: Camp, William R., Jeffrey L. Vollenweider., Wendy J. Schutz., “Journal for Scented Candle Gel” (12): pp56-60. Hamins, Anthony, Matthew Bundy, Scotte E. Dillon. 2005.”Characterization of Candle Flames. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering” Vol 2(15): pp. 110-115. K.M. Allan, J.R. Kaminski, J.C. Bertrand, J. Head, Peter B., Sunderland, Laminar. 2009 “Smoke of Wax Candles”. Journal for Combustion Science and Technology Vol 181: pp 800-811. Thelin, Nicole. 2010. "Making candles for Moms". Journal for Living Well Households. Vol. 3(10): pp 6-10. Vee, Jay. 2011. "Used Cooking Oil as an Additive Component". Journal for Used Cooking Oil Vol. 3(5): pp. 2-4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all we want to thank God for an uplifting strength and for giving us knowledge in conducting this study. Second, we want to acknowledge our family who witnessed all of our hard works. We thank our parents for the never-ending support to us including financial and moral support. Third, we thank John Christian L. Yap our mentor/classmate who helped all throughout the study specially in making our write ups. Lastly, to our beloved teacher Mr. Joald Calpo who guided us in our study until the end of our research.