The significance of Canto 1 is the symbolic or underlying meaning to the words. Dante had been going through life without thought to how he was living. He apparently was
on the path of truth, or righteous path, when at some point midway through his life he realized he had strayed and was in a long forgotten place – away from God. When he tried to go back to the path of truth, he was blocked by sins, most likely fraud, violence, and immoderation. These may represent sins he needed to overcome and was having difficulty doing so.