Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Case Study
Introduction
To date, the bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the most important global health threat introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) and most annual mortality due to hospital infections occurs because of this challenge (1). According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are one of the three main antibiotic resistance threats. (2). Enterobacteriaceae are Gram-negative bacilli which cause a wide range of infections including septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, meningitis and abscess in the different organs (3,4).
Different antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by these bacteria, but carbapenems such as imipenem and …show more content…
The MBLs belong to class B according to the Ambler classification and present hydrolytic activity against β-lactam antibiotics (except for monobactams); they are inhibitable by divalent cation chelators such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium mercaptoacetate (MAS), and escape the action of all β-lactamase inhibitors for clinical use, such as clavulanic acid and sulbactam (13). NDM-1 is a strong metallo-beta-lactamase that was discovered for the first time in 2009 in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates from Swedish patient who had traveled to New Delhi, India (14). The NDM-1 coding gene is located on mobile plasmids that capable of being transmitted to different bacterial strains and promotes the spread of drug resistance throughout the world (15). To date, the isolates carrying MBL have been found almost exclusively in health institutions, in patients with prolonged hospitalization and exposed to multiple antimicrobial therapies (16). Hence, the early diagnosis of these carbapenemases among clinical isolates is important for controlling and preventing their …show more content…
All isolates that showed resistant pattern against one or more carbapenem were included for Phenotypic detection of MBL using combined-disk test. All antibiotics were purchased from Mast, Merseyside, United Kingdom. E. coli ATCC 25922 and K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2470 was used for quality control as carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant strain,
To date, the bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the most important global health threat introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) and most annual mortality due to hospital infections occurs because of this challenge (1). According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are one of the three main antibiotic resistance threats. (2). Enterobacteriaceae are Gram-negative bacilli which cause a wide range of infections including septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, meningitis and abscess in the different organs (3,4).
Different antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by these bacteria, but carbapenems such as imipenem and …show more content…
The MBLs belong to class B according to the Ambler classification and present hydrolytic activity against β-lactam antibiotics (except for monobactams); they are inhibitable by divalent cation chelators such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium mercaptoacetate (MAS), and escape the action of all β-lactamase inhibitors for clinical use, such as clavulanic acid and sulbactam (13). NDM-1 is a strong metallo-beta-lactamase that was discovered for the first time in 2009 in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates from Swedish patient who had traveled to New Delhi, India (14). The NDM-1 coding gene is located on mobile plasmids that capable of being transmitted to different bacterial strains and promotes the spread of drug resistance throughout the world (15). To date, the isolates carrying MBL have been found almost exclusively in health institutions, in patients with prolonged hospitalization and exposed to multiple antimicrobial therapies (16). Hence, the early diagnosis of these carbapenemases among clinical isolates is important for controlling and preventing their …show more content…
All isolates that showed resistant pattern against one or more carbapenem were included for Phenotypic detection of MBL using combined-disk test. All antibiotics were purchased from Mast, Merseyside, United Kingdom. E. coli ATCC 25922 and K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2470 was used for quality control as carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant strain,