As industrialization and urbanization increased in America, plants, animals and humans became endangered by the rise in temperatures and carbon levels. It was then that Carla, a carbon atom was born at the Sahara desert. At night, Carla and her friends went outside to watch the stars peacefully. It had never occurred to them that the night would bring a sudden kidnap. All of Carla’s friends and Carla were attached to two oxygen atoms. Unfortunately, Carla fainted during the kidnap so when she woke up, she took the surprise of no longer being carbon but carbon dioxide. Carla then turned around and saw that her friends were equally shocked. When all of them tried to come up with an explanation of what had just occurred, they felt a strong pull. This pull came from Cactus pear Opuntia Ficus-indica. Opuntia was ready to perform photosynthesis and nothing was going to stop her from using the friends of Carla and Carla. Without hope, Carla and her friends were unable to escape the cactus desires.
Photosynthesis in Opuntia does not work the same way as in C3 plants because Opuntia is a CAM plant. Opuntia lives in a deserted region where it is hot and dry. Thus, Opuntia wants to conserve as much water as it can. To achieve this, the C4 pathway and the Calvin cycle take place at two temporal parts. In the mesophyll cell, at the C4 pathway carbon dioxide is hydrated to form bicarbonate ion, which reacts with enzyme, phosphoenolpyruvate, to produce the four-carbon compound, oxaloacetate. This process occurs at night when the stomata of the cactus are open and CO2 (Carla) was diffused in. Oxaloacetate is then reduced to malate, which is stored as malic acid in the vacuole. However, during the daytime malic acid is turned back into malate and is broken down to pyruvate and CO2. Exhausted, Carla complains on the purpose for traveling to different locations. Poor Carla, she doesn’t know that she is not even half way through her journey