carboxylic acids

CHEMISTRY 125 LABORATORY
Name: Balagao, Sherey Mae U. Date Performed: September 8, 2014
Lab Schedule: 1:00-4:00 MW Date Submitted: September 19, 2014
Group No.: 4 Rating: Exercise No. 8
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ACID DERIVATIVES
I. OBJECTIVES:
• To investigate the physical and chemical properties of Carboxylic acid and its derivatives
• To understand the reactions of carboxylic compounds and derivatives.
II. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
 Solubility of Carboxylic acids in 10% NaHCO¬3
 Acetic acid - formation of bubbles
 Benzoic acid - formation of bubbles
 Test for Acetic acid
 NaOH + Acetic acid - blue litmus paper turned red
 NaOH + Acetic acid + FeCl3 - red colored solution
 Test for Benzoic acid
 Benzoic acid + NH3 - red litmus paper turned blue
 Benzoic acid + NH3+ FeCl3 - orange precipitate/ flesh-colored precipitate formed
 Formation of Esters
a. From Carboxylic acids
 Acetic acid + ethanol + H2SO4 - produced a sweet smell
b. From Acyl Halides
 Ethanol + H2O + H2SO4 - produced a sweet smell
 Hydroxamic acid test for the Ester group
 Ethyl acetate in ether + NH2OH.HCl + KOH heat effervescence + alcoholic HCl + FeCl3 – red colored solution
 Hydrolysis of acid derivatives
 H2O + Acetic anhydride 2-immiscible layer formed, blue litmus paper turned red, test tube becomes warm as the reaction took longer time
 Pinch of benzamide + NaOH Red litmus paper turned blue
III. DISCUSSION
INTRODUCTION
Some tests was conducted with carboxylic acids and its derivatives
1. Solubility of Carboxylic acids in 5% NaHCO3
Carboxylic acids can be easily dissolved in a basic solution, such as of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). This is because there is an acid-base reaction between the carboxylic acid and the bicarbonate anion.
RCOOH + HCO3 RCOO- + CO2(g) + H2O Carboxylate ion

As carboxylic acids lose hydrogen ion, they are

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