cardiac

Cardiac Surgeon Cardiac surgeons treat valvular heart diseases such as valve stenosis or vessel insufficiency, ischemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis and congenital defects. They treat these diseases by repairing or replacing heart valves, widen clogged arteries, repair aortic aneurysms, implant defibrillators and pacemakers, and perform double, triple, quadruple, and sometimes even quintuple heart bypasses. Cardiac surgeons must complete internships and residency requirements. Cardiac surgeons should also be detail-oriented, well-organized, and steady-handed, since their work involves often sensitive and sometimes risky incisions and other surgical procedures. A cardiac surgeon must complete four years of medical or osteopath school, a five-year residency program in general surgery and a two- or three-year fellowship in cardiothoracic surgery. Cardiac surgeons also must have a thorough understanding of anatomy, particularly that of the heart and circulatory system, as well biochemistry, pharmacology, pathology and other disciplines. A cardiac surgeon must be licensed by her state medical board to practice medicine. The physician must pass a board-certification examination in practice general surgery and a separate board-certification examination in cardiac surgery. Cardiac surgeons must complete yearly continuing medical education requirements to maintain licensure. BLS notes the surgeon works in a well-lit, sterile environment. In the operating room, the heart surgeon gives instructions to all surgical personnel. The pressure of being in charge of the surgery requires the surgeon to manage well in a highly stressful, life-or-death situation. Many cardiothoracic surgeon enjoy their work because they gain a great satisfaction from saving the lives of patients. However, when surgical treatments for the patient fails, a great emotional toll can be placed on the cardiothoracic surgeon. Cardiac surgeons are expected to be in