Chapter 1
Each question has four choices. Choose most appropriate choice of the answer.
1. An embedded system must have (a) hard disk (b) processor and memory (c) operating system (d) processor and input-output unit(s).
2. An embedded system hardware can (a) have microprocessor or microcontroller or single purpose processor (b) have digital signal processor (c) one or several microprocessor or microcontroller or digital signal processor or single purpose processors (d) not have single purpose processor (s).
3. An embedded system has RAM memory (a) for storing the variables during program run, stack and input or output buffers, for example, for speech or image (b) for storing all the instructions and data (c) for storing the programs from external secondary memory (d) for fetching instructions and data into cache(s).
4. A system might be connected to a number of other devices and systems. (i) A bus consists of a common set of lines to connect multiple devices, hardware units and systems (ii) A bus is used for communication between two of these at any given instance. (iii) A bus is used for communication between all of these at the same instance (iv) A bus may be serial bus or parallel bus to transfer one bit or multiple data bits at an instance, respectively.
(a) i, ii and iv correct (b) iii correct (c) iii and iv correct (d) all are correct.
5.
A system must have an interrupt handling mechanism for executing the interrupt service routines in case of the interrupts from (a) physical devices (b) interfaced circuits or systems, software interrupt instructions and software exceptions (c) physical devices or interfaced circuits or systems (d) physical devices or interfaced circuits or systems, software interrupt instructions and software exceptions.
6. (i) Final machine implementable software for a product embeds in the ROM (or
PROM) as an image at a frame. Bytes at each address must be defined for creating the