5. True or false: In many cases, meta analyses involves calculating an average effect size fo...…
Alexandra Burt is looking to see how the environment and genetics play a role in twins’ antisocial behavior and is using the Michigan State University Twin Registry to help with her research. Professor S. Alexandra Burt is a professor and a researcher at Michigan State University, and she helps run the Michigan State Twin Registry. The Michigan State Twin Registry is a twin registry that is located and is a part of Michigan State University’s psychology department. Some of the research assistants in Professor S. Alexandra Burt’s lab interview twins and their families who are a part of the previously mentioned twin registry. During the interview session the twins and their parents are asked to fill out questionnaires and are asked to play with etch-a-sketch. The twins and their parents are then filmed playing with an etch-a-sketch, in order for the research assistants to gain a better understanding of their behavior and to see how they interact with each other.…
What are the central assumptions of biological theories of crime? How do such theories differ from other perspectives that attempt to explain the same phenomena?…
Genes; are inherited from parents. Many psychological disorders occur more frequently in identical (monozygotic or MZ) twins than they do in non-identical (dizygotic or DZ) twins, and other disorders appear to run in families. The environment may also lead to these disorders and so it is important to estimate the degree to which a disorder is due to genetic influences (nature) and the degree to which it is caused by the environment (nurture). Comparing identical twins with non-identical twins for rates of heritability can help answer the nature-nurture question.…
Many people often wonder, “ Does early exposure to violence influence frustration and aggression in adolescence and adulthood?” or they might ask, “ What are the effects of early exposure to violence?” There are many situations in childhood that might cause or influence the later life of a child. Whether it is violent video games, rough sibling playing or parents who fight in front of their children; there must be some reason, some cause to later life aggression and violence.…
The biological approach to aggression includes the belief that genetic factors play a role in aggressive behaviour and lies within an individual’s genetic make-up. There is supporting evidence of a genetic component of aggression. Psychologists have looked at twin studies to try and find evidence for a genetic basis o compare the degree of similarity of aggression between sets of monozygotic (MZ) twins and dizygotic (DZ) twins. In general it was found that aggressive behaviour is more highly correlated in MZ twins than DZ twins. For example, Gottesman found a concordance rate of 87% for aggressive behaviour for MZ twin pairs, compared with 72% for DZ twin pairs. However, solely relying on evidence from twin studies can be problematic as it is hard to disentangle nature and nurture. It has been suggested that MZ twins are treated more alike and share more similar environments than DZ twins due to them acting more like 'one' person rather than two separate people. This may affect how alike they are and how likely they both are to express aggression.…
The use of twin studies helps explain how there could be genetic factors in aggressive behavior. There are two types of Twin, monozygotic (identical) and Dizygotic (non-identical). If both types are studied in terms of aggression and the M-Z twins are more similar in aggressive behaviour it would suggest there is a genetic influence on aggression. Coccaro et al found that when comparing MZ and DZ twins, over 50 % of variance in aggressive behaviours between MZ twins could be attributed to genetic factors.…
Early research concentrated on chromosomal abnormalities but no specific genotype has been associated with aggression. Genes determine how much testosterone a person’s body produces and how quickly it circulates around their body. Genes also determine the synthesis of testosterone receptors, and how many and how sensitive such receptors are. The gene called monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) produces an enzyme which regulates the metabolism of serotonin in the brain. Aggressiveness is influenced by a variation in the MAOA gene; Low level activity of MAOA results in low levels of serotonin which have been associated with increased risk of aggression but the high MAOA variation is not.…
LO #2- Explain how principles that define the Biological Level of Analysis may be demonstrated using theories and/or studies.…
MZ twins share 100% of their genes; DZ twins share 50% of their genes. If genes are a factor we would expect more identical twins to share the disorder than non-identical. Gottesman also looked at twin studies, he found that that the average concordance rate for monozygotic twins is 46% whereas is it only 14% in dizygotic twins. This was because MZ twins were more similar in their genetics. These results were also supported by a study by Cardno et al which used strict diagnostic criteria they showed concordance rate of 26.5% for MZ twins, but only 0% for DZ twins. This provides strong evidence for a genetic component.…
People who have this gene mutation are at extremely high risk for violent crimes. What makes researcher believe that killers tend to have this gene is not because they kill, but because of how violent this gene can make a person. Although this gene plays a great factor on killers and their crimes. Physical and emotional abuse as a young child also plays in. Research from the Department of Justice shows that children who are exposed to violence, being a witness or victim are often affected with long-term physical, psychological, and emotional damage. Children exposed abuse like this are at a greater risk of engaging in criminal behavior later as an adult and continuing this type of abuse to their…
* Biological parents of foster children cause many problems for their children. Severe emotional, behavioral, and developmental issues affect around 30% of these children. Such problems are another reason why people treat foster children differently.…
study hypothesized that the most extreme cases of behavior problems would be found could they pass on traits that would cause antisocial behaviors genetically but the constant observing of their father's misbehaving could create environmental factors as well.…
References: Frick, P. J., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Christ, M. G., & Hanson, K. (1992). Familial risk factors to oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder: Parental psychopathology and maternal parenting. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(1), 49-55. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.60.1.49…
Numerous research studies have concluded that a complex interaction or combination of factors leads to an increased risk of violent behavior in children and adolescents. These factors include:…