Cell Phone History

The early years of 20th century saw the first attempts at wireless and mobile telephony, In 1908, U.S. patent 887,357 for a wireless telephone was issued to Nathan B. Stubblefield of Murray, Kentucky. He applied this patent to cave radio telephones and not directly to cellular telephony as the term is currently understood. Two years later Lars Magnus Ericsson installed a telephone in his car. While travelling across the country we would stop at a place where telephone lines were accessible and using a pair of long electric wires he could connect to the national telephone network.
In Europ radio telephone was the first used on the first-class passenger trains between Berlin and Hamburg in 1926. At the same time, radio telephony was introduced on a passenger airlplanes for air traffic security. It was also introduced on a large scale in German tanks during the Second World War. The in early 1950’s ships on the rhine were among the first to used the radio telephony with an untrained end customer as a user. It was the 1940’s onwards that saw the seed of the technological development which would enventually produced the mobile phone. Motorola developed backpacked two-way radio, the Walkie-Talkie and a large hand-held-two way radio for the US military. This battery powered “Handie-Talkie was about the size of a man’s forearm. In December 1947, Douglas H. ring and W. Rae Young, Bell Labs engineers proposed hexagonal cells for the mobile phones in the vehicles. Philip To Porter also of Bell Labs, proposed that the cell Towers be at the corners of the hexagons rather than the centers and have directional antennas that would transmit/receive. During the 1950’s the expirement of the pioneers started to appear as usable services across society, both commercially and culturally. In 1969, a patent for a wireless phone using an acoustic coupler for incoming calls was issued in US patent. In December 1971, AT&T submitted a proposal for a cellular service to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). A cellular telephone switching plan was described by Fluhr and Nussbaum in 1973.Two-way mobile radios were used in vehicles such as taxicabs, police crusers, and ambulances, but were not mobile phones because they were not connected to the telephone network. Large community of mobile radios users known as mobileers, popularized this technology that would eventually give way to the mobile phone. The first fully automated mobile phone system for vehicles was launched in Sweden in 1960. It allowed calls to be made and received in the car using a rotary dial. The car phone could also be paged. In 1958 development began on a similar system for motorists in the USSR. The Altay national civil mobile phone service. In 1959 a private telephone company located in Brewwter, Kansas, USA, the S&T Telephone Company with the use of Motorola Radio Telephone equipment and a private tower facility, offered to the public mobile telephone services in that local area of NW Kansas. Martin Cooper a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first analogue mobile phone call on a prototype model in 1973. There was a long race between Motorola and Bell Labs to produce the first such portable mobile phone. Cooper is the first inventor named on the Radio Telephone System. Other named contributors on the patent included Copper’s boss John F. Mitchell, Motorolas chief of portable communication products, who successfully pushed Motorola to develop wireless communication products.
The technological development that distinguished the First Generation mobile phones from the previous generation was the use of multiple cell sites, and the ability to transfer call from one site to the next. The first commercially automated cellular network (IG generation) was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979. The next IG network to launch was the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in the Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1981.
In 1990’s the second generation (2G) mobile phone system emerged primarily using GSM standard. These 2G phone system differed from the previous generation in their use of digital transmission instead of analog transmission. Introduction of advanced and fast phone-to-network signaling. Increase of mobile phone usage was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile phones. The second generation introduced a new variant of communication called SMS or text messaging, It was initially available only on GSM networks but spread eventually on all digital networks. 2G also introduced the ability to access media content on mobile phones. In 1998 the first downloadable ringtone content was launched. As the users of 2G became more widespread and people began utilize mobile phones in their daily lives, it became clear that the demand for data services (such as access to the internet) was growing. 2G was nowhere near up to the job so the industry began to work on the next generation of technology known as 3G. The main technological difference that distinguished 3G technology is the use of packet switching rather than circuit switching for data transmission. The high connection speeds of 3G technology enabled a transformation in the industry. Media streaming of radio and even television to 3G handset became possible. In the 2000 and evolution of 3G technology begun to implemented namely high speed Downlink Packet Access. The first such devices known as “dongles plugged directly into a computer through the USB port. Another device appeared subsequently, the so-called “compact wireless router” such as Novatel MiFi which makes 3G internet connectivity available to multiple computers simultaneously over Wi-Fi. The device became popular for use with laptop computers due to the added portability they bestow.
One of the main 4G differed from 3G was in its elimition of circuit switching, instead employing an all-IP network, 4G ushered in a treatment of voice calls just like any other type of streaming audio, media, utilizing packet switching over internet.