Cell Structure

Name: ______________________________________

Date: ________________________

Student Exploration: Cell Structure
Vocabulary: cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plasma membrane, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an organism? ____________________________________________________________

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_____________ 2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals cannot?) ____________________________________________________________

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_____________ Gizmo Warm-up The Cell Structure Gizmo™ allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a microscope. To start, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the Zoom slider to see the cell at a magnification of 1000x (1000 times larger than normal). 1. Use the up/down and left/right sliders to manipulate the cell. Find the red arrow pointing to the centrioles. Make a sketch of the centrioles in the space below.

2. Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function? ________________________ ____________________________________________________________

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Get the Gizmo ready: Activity A: Animal cells • Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the microscope. • Set the Zoom to 500x.

Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell? 1. Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description. ____ Cytoplasm ____ Lysosome ____ Mitochondria ____ Centriole ____ Endoplasmic reticulum ____ Vacuole ____ Plasma membrane ____ Nucleus ____ Ribosome ____ Nuclear envelope ____ Golgi apparatus ____ Vesicle ____ Nucleolus A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals. C. Membrane that protects the nucleus. D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell. E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals. F. Structures that converts nutrients to energy. G. Passageways where chemicals are made. H. Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane. I. Structure that manufactures ribosomes. J. Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell. K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus. L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins. M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.

Activity B: Plant cells

Get the Gizmo ready: • Select View plant cell, and click Sample. • Set the Zoom to 500x.

Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform? 1. Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Compare: What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell? __________ ____________________________________________________________

_____________ What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell? __________________ ____________________________________________________________

_____________ 3. Fill in: Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions. A. _____________________ convert sunlight to chemical energy. B. The _____________________ and the _____________________ help to support the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape. C. _____________________ store food or pigments. D. The _____________________ converts food into energy. It is found in both plant cells and animal cells.