Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Experimenting With CO2 and Redox Reactions
Julius Engel; Section 8
Abstract
In this experiment, the subjects of study were fermentation, mitochondrial respiration, and redox reactions. In the first experiment, yeast was grown in various carbohydrate solutions at various temperatures. In the second experiment, succinate was added to various samples of a mitchondrial suspension, DPIP, and a buffer. Then after two blanks were used, the samples were placed into the spectrophotometer for transmittance testing.
Introduction
Cellular respiration is a group of reactions that occur when a cell turns the energy from food and nutrient sources into ATP, releasing the rest of the products as waste. It is a catabolic set of reactions and they are defined as being exothermic redox reactions, meaning that energy is released and electrons are transferred. It takes place in the mitochondrial matrix within the cells. [3] Fermentation is an anaerobic, or lacking oxygen, reaction in which pyruvate is metabolized, NADH is oxidized to NAD+, and waste products are taken out so glycolysis can reoccur. Both of these processes are very significant for organisms because they are how organisms create their energy. Without these pathways, nutrients would not be converted to energy and the organism would be unable to do much of anything. Plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, and algae all use cellular repiration while fermentation is mostly used by plants and fungi, though lactic acid fermentation does occur in animals and in bacteria.
In cellular respiration, glucose is the starting molecule which then undergoes glycolysis and is split into 2 pyruvate molecules. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, meaning the ETC couldn’t occur without oxygen and cellular respiration could not be completed. Carbon dioxide is a product of cellular respiration and is released by the organism. In fermentation,
Julius Engel; Section 8
Abstract
In this experiment, the subjects of study were fermentation, mitochondrial respiration, and redox reactions. In the first experiment, yeast was grown in various carbohydrate solutions at various temperatures. In the second experiment, succinate was added to various samples of a mitchondrial suspension, DPIP, and a buffer. Then after two blanks were used, the samples were placed into the spectrophotometer for transmittance testing.
Introduction
Cellular respiration is a group of reactions that occur when a cell turns the energy from food and nutrient sources into ATP, releasing the rest of the products as waste. It is a catabolic set of reactions and they are defined as being exothermic redox reactions, meaning that energy is released and electrons are transferred. It takes place in the mitochondrial matrix within the cells. [3] Fermentation is an anaerobic, or lacking oxygen, reaction in which pyruvate is metabolized, NADH is oxidized to NAD+, and waste products are taken out so glycolysis can reoccur. Both of these processes are very significant for organisms because they are how organisms create their energy. Without these pathways, nutrients would not be converted to energy and the organism would be unable to do much of anything. Plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, and algae all use cellular repiration while fermentation is mostly used by plants and fungi, though lactic acid fermentation does occur in animals and in bacteria.
In cellular respiration, glucose is the starting molecule which then undergoes glycolysis and is split into 2 pyruvate molecules. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, meaning the ETC couldn’t occur without oxygen and cellular respiration could not be completed. Carbon dioxide is a product of cellular respiration and is released by the organism. In fermentation,
References: [1] Carbohydrates [Internet]. Austin(Tx): [cited 2013 Nov 15] . Available from: http://www.austincc.edu/emeyerth/carbohyd.htm [2] Stryer L, Berg J, Tymoczko JL (2002). Biochemistry. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. [3] Barnes SJ, Weitzman PD (June 1986). "Organization of citric acid cycle enzymes into a multienzyme cluster". FEBS Lett. 201 (2): 267–70.