Cerdinia Fungi: A Case Study Of Puccinia Graminis

Fungi is one of the five kingdoms of the living world that contains a diversity of organisms, there is an estimation of about 1.5 million species of fungi worldwide out of which, approximately 120000 species and majority tends to be living in an environment which is either aquatic or terrestrial ascomycetes and basidiomycetes species (Kirk, 2008). Have been described till date, however the numbers are dynamic in steadily escalating (Hawksworth, 1991)
Cercospora zeae-maydisis fungus that is responsible for causing s leaf spot (GLS). According to Ward and Nowell (1997) in the year 1991 in South Africa it was recognised as one of the imperatives pathogen of economic taken into consideration in the maize industry. Considering its capability the
For fully mature lesion with the appearing of a brown colour in the leaf due to high content of sporulation of the pathogen. Puccinia graminis. Infection can occur in two ways either by conidia blown by wind from nearby field and the visibility of disease symptoms appear as largely elongated with brown pustules on the stem, leaf, sheath and in after a while, later for these brown pustules will change into black colored larger than the brown initial pustules and now the Grains of the infected plants are shriveled, much lighter in
At overwintering the teliospores germinates to form haploid basidiospores.
There are various stages of disease cycle that pathogen undergoes during their cycle of infection for Cercospora zeae-maydis it life cycle is simple while Puccinia graminis have five spores stages in the life cycle and namely as urediniosores, basidiospores teliospores and aeciospores, and pycniospores are produced in the sticky honeydew and have the potential in helping cross fertilization
Both Cercospora zeae-maydis and Puccinia graminis undergo dormant season with aid the pathogen to persist and are said to be overwintering in the debris of the plant that were previously infected subsequently act as source of primary inoculation along its life cycle. In spring conidia produced by maize are carried out by wind to infect new plants during the moist period. The dormant mechanism aid the pathogen for some unfavourable environmental conditions. According to Nowell (1997) observed mechanism of air-borne conidia that infect the top part of plant after landing with aid of