Cervical Cancer
Program Bachelor of Biomedical Sciences (HONS)
Module Name: Basic Cytology
Module Code: BMC224
Title of Assignment: Cervical Cancer
Student’s Name: LIM ZHEN KIAN
Matrix Number: BBSH 13091436
Study Year: 1
Semester: 2
Submission Date: 2 June 2014
Table of Content
Introduction
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Yet, because of poor access to screening and treatment services, the vast majority of deaths occur in women living in low and middle income countries.
Cervical cancer develops in the thin layer of cells called the epithelium, which cover the cervix. Cells found in this tissue have different shapes such as squamous cells, columnar cells and mixed carcinomas. Cervical cancer usually begins slowly with precancerous abnormalities, and even if cancer develops, it generally progresses very gradually. Cervical cancer is the most preventable type of cancer and is very treatable in its early stages. Regular Pap tests and human Papilloma Virus (HPV) screening can help detect this disease early. Dysplasia is a term that refers to a precancerous condition. It may become cancerous, but not always. In the case of cervical cancer, dysplasia indicates that the layer of cells that covers the cervix (squamous epithelial cells) is abnormal in size and shape and is beginning to grow. However, the cells are still confined to the surface (epithelial layer). These types of changes are generally first noted in the results of a Pap smear.
Statistics
The American Cancer Society's estimates for cervical cancer in the United States are for 2014 which are about 12360 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed and 4020 women will die from cervical cancer. Some researchers estimate that non-invasive cervical cancer occurs about 4 times more often than invasive cervical cancer. Cervical cancer was once one of the most common causes of cancer death for American women. Then,
Module Name: Basic Cytology
Module Code: BMC224
Title of Assignment: Cervical Cancer
Student’s Name: LIM ZHEN KIAN
Matrix Number: BBSH 13091436
Study Year: 1
Semester: 2
Submission Date: 2 June 2014
Table of Content
Introduction
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Yet, because of poor access to screening and treatment services, the vast majority of deaths occur in women living in low and middle income countries.
Cervical cancer develops in the thin layer of cells called the epithelium, which cover the cervix. Cells found in this tissue have different shapes such as squamous cells, columnar cells and mixed carcinomas. Cervical cancer usually begins slowly with precancerous abnormalities, and even if cancer develops, it generally progresses very gradually. Cervical cancer is the most preventable type of cancer and is very treatable in its early stages. Regular Pap tests and human Papilloma Virus (HPV) screening can help detect this disease early. Dysplasia is a term that refers to a precancerous condition. It may become cancerous, but not always. In the case of cervical cancer, dysplasia indicates that the layer of cells that covers the cervix (squamous epithelial cells) is abnormal in size and shape and is beginning to grow. However, the cells are still confined to the surface (epithelial layer). These types of changes are generally first noted in the results of a Pap smear.
Statistics
The American Cancer Society's estimates for cervical cancer in the United States are for 2014 which are about 12360 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed and 4020 women will die from cervical cancer. Some researchers estimate that non-invasive cervical cancer occurs about 4 times more often than invasive cervical cancer. Cervical cancer was once one of the most common causes of cancer death for American women. Then,