Ch. 1 Objectives

1: HOMEOSTASIS: A FRAMEWORK FOR HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
An understanding of homeostasis is essential to the successful mastery of physiology. It is one of the unifying concepts of physiology. Even though our review of various systems of the body are presented across differetn weeks, they are all inextricably linked by their role in maintaining the constant internal environment of the body.
Learning objectives:
The Scope of Human Physiology
Students should be able to:
 identify physiology as the study of function of living things.
 describe the levels at which physiology can be studied.
 recognize that knowledge of physiology continues to be acquired at a rapid rate.
 recognize that knowledge of normal physiology is necessary for understanding and treating pathophysiologies.
How Is the Body Organized?
Students should be able to:
 recognize that all cells have some common functions that are essential for life.
 distinguish between cell division and cell differentiation.
 list the four basic cell and tissue types.
 describe the organizational hierarchy of humans: cells—tissues—organs—organ systems.  describe the locations and specialized functions of the four basic cell and tissue types.  describe the composition and function of the extracellular matrix.
 recognize the eleven organ systems of the body and their primary functions.
Body Fluid Compartments
Students should be able to:
 discuss the distribution of total body water into intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid (ECF), and the two components of the ECF.
 recognize the importance of barriers between compartments that maintain the differences in composition of the various body fluids.
Homeostasis: A Defining Feature of Physiology
Students should be able to:
 describe the meaning of internal environment as it pertains to the body’s cells.
 understand that the cell’s interior, the interstitial fluid, and the blood all exchange chemicals, gases, and water.
 define