CH 2 EDITED BIO
Chapter Two
Neuroscience
and
Biological
Foundations
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mythbusters: True or False?
① Our brains are hardwired and cannot be rewired.
② Most people are either leftbrained or right-brained.
③ When we learn something new our brain becomes more wrinkled.
④ We generally use only 10 percent of our, brain.
⑤ Brain damage is always permanent. ⑥ The human brain is the largest in the animal kingdom. ⑦ People remain conscious several minutes after decapitation. ⑧ You can get holes in your brain from drug use.
⑨ Alcohol kills brain cells.
⑩ If a trait is heritable, that means it can’t be changed.
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
OUR GENETIC INHERITANCE
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Behavioral Genetics: Hereditary
Code
Behavioral
Genetics
The study of the relative effects of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and mental processes
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
How Do Genes Work?
Dominant Genes
Polygenetic Traits
If you inherit a dominant gene for a trait from ONE parent, then that trait will be
Recessive Genes expressed. Recessive genes for a trait are only expressed if you inherit TWO of them
(one from each parent). © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Traits that are controlled by multiple genes and often are affected by environmental and social factors.
Methods for Studying Heritability
Twin Studies
Monozygotic (identical) twins share
100 percent of their genes.
Dizygotic (fraternal) twins share 50 percent of their genes.
And, often, the twins are raised in the same environment.
If there is a genetic contribution to a behavior/mental process, then monozygotic twins should be
MORE alike than dizygotic twins.
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Methods for Studying Heritability
Family Studies, pay close attention to this when you do your bio personality assignment
If a specific trait
Neuroscience
and
Biological
Foundations
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mythbusters: True or False?
① Our brains are hardwired and cannot be rewired.
② Most people are either leftbrained or right-brained.
③ When we learn something new our brain becomes more wrinkled.
④ We generally use only 10 percent of our, brain.
⑤ Brain damage is always permanent. ⑥ The human brain is the largest in the animal kingdom. ⑦ People remain conscious several minutes after decapitation. ⑧ You can get holes in your brain from drug use.
⑨ Alcohol kills brain cells.
⑩ If a trait is heritable, that means it can’t be changed.
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
OUR GENETIC INHERITANCE
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Behavioral Genetics: Hereditary
Code
Behavioral
Genetics
The study of the relative effects of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and mental processes
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
How Do Genes Work?
Dominant Genes
Polygenetic Traits
If you inherit a dominant gene for a trait from ONE parent, then that trait will be
Recessive Genes expressed. Recessive genes for a trait are only expressed if you inherit TWO of them
(one from each parent). © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Traits that are controlled by multiple genes and often are affected by environmental and social factors.
Methods for Studying Heritability
Twin Studies
Monozygotic (identical) twins share
100 percent of their genes.
Dizygotic (fraternal) twins share 50 percent of their genes.
And, often, the twins are raised in the same environment.
If there is a genetic contribution to a behavior/mental process, then monozygotic twins should be
MORE alike than dizygotic twins.
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Methods for Studying Heritability
Family Studies, pay close attention to this when you do your bio personality assignment
If a specific trait