Should corrections be date and time stamped? According to the American Medical Association, all medical records should be date and time stamped and should identify the corrector or the person that is making any changes of any sort. First, the individual making the correction needs to identify him or herself as having authorization to do so. Secondly, any corrections need to contain the date and time they took place so that if any questions were to arise they may be better referenced. Finally, all changes to a patient’s medical record must contain a list of people to notify of the changes. All of these steps are necessary without exception to protect the accuracy of a patient’s medical record.…
The evidence collection process is very extensive and must be accurately recorded and preserved. First there should be a plan of action. This includes making sure everyone at the scene knows how the evidence will be documented. If not all are on the same course of action important evidence could be damaged or removed. For example if an investigator walks on a footprint that was left by the suspect it probably won’t be able to get an accurate picture of the evidence and it is lost.…
The chapter focuses on the importance of contaminated confessions by expanding on the various reasons behind the possibility as to why a confession might be contaminated, these are identified throughout the text in various explanations as to why confessions can be tampered with: the puzzle of false confessions, contaminated false confessions, law enforcement practices, corroborated and nonpublic facts, denying disclosing facts, recorded false interrogations, and inconsistent facts (Garrett, 2011). In the case of Jeffery Deskovic’s false confession the police officers gave him facts that were explicit to the case and despite the DNA evidence that was pointing to someone else committing the crime, Jeffery was convicted for 16 years. Jeffery sued for his civil rights being violated. The puzzle behind false confessions is that police are suspected of feeding details of a crime to a compliant suspect. The book asked the question “why do innocent people confess in detail to crimes they had not committed” The relational is that if an individual gives the police exactly what they want then that will, in turn, let those being questioned to be able to go home (Garrett, 2011).…
In 2015, there is still little professionalism in the way of collecting and storing evidence. Cole (2014) had a chapter published a book, Wrongful Conviction and Criminal Justice…
The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution forbids the use of coerced confessions in criminal proceedings (Peak et at, 2010). However, internal investigations are a different matter. The U.S Supreme Court case of Garrity v. New Jersey defined what must be done. The case got its start when officers under investigation for fixing citations were ordered to give statements or be fired (Roufa, 2014). The statements were then used to convict the officers and they appealed saying that their statements were coerced with the threat of being fired (Roufa, 2014). The court agreed and what arose from the case was the Garrity rule which states “that if an officer is compelled to provide self-incriminating information or statements, such statements…
*the more vulnerable the suspect, the more likely that a confession obtained by police will be suppressed*…
about their first school day and a false narrative about either an implausible event (abducted by a…
Authorities, researchers and the media have focused a growing awareness of incidences of coerced false confessions, as well as the associated personal and legal implications involved. The Innocence Project, a non-profit legal clinic that assists those wrongfully convicted of crimes, claims that 8% of wrongful convictions are due to forced confessions prompted by police. Consequently, measures have been taken to try and reduce their frequency. There are many aspects in which coercive tactics are problematic but for the sake of this essay I will focus solely on its leading to false confessions.…
Where the increasing amounts of technology are constantly aiding in finding criminals and suspects, nothing has proven to hold up in court better than a confession. Although, there are rules and regulations as to how these confession will be allowed to be admitted into court, just like in all things. These rules and regulations are defined pretty clearly in the fourth, fifth, and sixth amendments of the constitution.…
These wrongful convictions played a major role in more than 75% of wrongful convictions overturned by DNA testing (The Innocence Project, 2010). Although eyewitness testimony can be critical evidence before a judge or jury; 30 years of strong social science research has proven that eyewitness identification is often unreliable. The research which was conducted by the Innocence Project revealed that the human mind is not like a tape recorder or video camera; we neither record events exactly as we see them, nor recall the instance exactly how it occurred. Nevertheless, witness memory is like any other evidence at a crime scene, it must be documented carefully and retrieved methodically and quickly, or it can be contaminated (The Innocence project 2010). We as people can carry fibers, through our clothing, skin and hair that can cause the contamination of a crime scene just by not following proper procedure. Furthermore, in these types of cases, DNA has proven what scientists already know, that eyewitness identification is frequently…
I think that it is important to use proper methods when collection evidence from a crime scene because if you don’t you risk contaminating the evidence and then it will not be able to be used in court.…
Here in America, police are poorly trained on the psychological effects of the depth of interrogation and how it may lead to the result of a confession. Like most people on the outside, once they hear a confession they are more likely to believe it whether it may be true or not. This, sometimes, is the same approach that law enforcement takes when they hear a confession. Law enforcement thinking should be quite different than a person on the outside, they should have training on whether or not the confession is valuable to the case or not. "…
Leo, PH.D., J.D. and Brittany Liu, B.A, two hundred and sixty-four jury-eligible students from a large university in southern California completed a study. Some categories of interrogation tactics were Accusation/re-accusation, challenging denials, Confrontation with true evidence of guilt, Confrontation with false evidence of guilt, promises of leniency and Threats/use of harm. With a mean age of 19.78 years, 64% male and all from different backgrounds who were either victims of a crime or been on a jury themselves agreed that “For false confessions, threats of harm were believed to be more likely to elicit a false confession than all other tactics.”. (What do potential jurors know about police interrogation techniques and false confessions? Page 388 Lines 15-17) Participations in the study acknowledged that interrogation techniques can be psychosocially coercive, but believed that the techniques are not likely to cause a false confession. When a confession is supported with information from expert witnesses, jurors are able to put emotions aside and use their intuition to come up with an idea of whether the confession was coercive or…
While DNA technology and other advanced forensic techniques are increasingly being relied upon to secure criminal convictions, the justice system seems to be correspondingly reluctant to consider these forms of evidence for the purposes of overturning the convictions of the factually innocent. A confession is arguably the most damaging evidence that can be brought against a defendant in a court of law. Ostensibly, it seems reasonable to assume that one would only confess to a crime that he or she had actually committed. However, in the United States, false confessions may result in nearly 400 wrongful felony convictions annually.…
From the psychological point of view, if the pressure is high enough, an innocent person may “remember” a crime he or she did not even commit. Even Barry C. Feld’s study states that “a confession is compelled, provoked, and manipulated from a suspect by a detective who has been trained in a genuinely deceitful art.” He admits that detectives manipulate their subjects’ minds to cooperate and give a confession. Along with this data, one way detectives obtain information is by presenting false data, misrepresenting facts, and lying (Feld 221). Detectives do this to make the suspect think that something has happened, even if it is really has not, or vice versa. When the person of interest believes this false statement, he might confess, though it may not be true. He may confess because he thinks that the detectives expect any confession and will not let him go until he gives them some sort of information. In this case, the person of interest, who is under tons of stress, will invent some story to appease the detective. Because this sort of interrogation places the suspect under a lot of stress, society believes that it should not be…