The social isolation theory “argues that lack of participation in the mainstream labor market isolates residents of inner-city communities from middle-class social groups, organizations, and institutions” (Wilson, 1996, pg. 446). That theory, according to Harding (2009), suggests that kids in communities that are have high unemployment, don’t experience a life that is organized around their families work place, so some don’t feel like they need to join the work force in the future for a source of income. They see their community make a living on the streets. One hole in the social isolation theory is that it does not address that in inner-city neighbors, people do, in fact, share some of the same ideals as other social classes such as the desire to get married and the importance of education (Harding, 2009).…
No work ethic within a family can mean expectations of a child are lower. Unemployment can also mean no money and less opportunities which will affect the social and emotional development of a child.…
In today’s society, time has changed from people deciding whether they shall get married or start a relationship. One of the main concerns that make people choose not to get married is they are not financially stable. If it were that easy to find a job that pays well, then most people would be in a health relationship and have a stable job. I am in the perfect example of problems in starting a family in today’s society. I come from a family of five and am the elderlies of all. My parents are divorced and I must take the load of being the main bread maker. I never thought in a million years that I would be taking care of my mother and my fellow siblings. It is very surreal but I do understand that we all go through struggles in life to progress in a healthier relationship. It does stress me out because there are times when money doesn’t work out with the necessity of the family. I hope one day that I can start my own family one day but the instable income for the household.…
When a child is growing up he is frequently asked what he is going to do for money when he gets older. The more this question is asked to them, the more they feel like they have to have money to be happy in life. After many tries of trying to make a stable life at a low paying job, a criminal life maybe more appealing to them at they may start living life under the gun. As stated by William Wilson in When Work Disappears, "Neighborhoods plagued by high levels of joblessness are more likely to experience low levels of social organization, they go hand in hand." In Chicago for instance, in 1990 there was only one in three in the twelve ghetto communities that had held a job in a typical workweek of the year. When there are high rates of joblessness bigger problems surface such as violent crime, gang violence, and drug trafficking. (Wilson P356-362)…
My paper is about the effects of poverty on the African-American family. I want to explore how the absence of fathers and adequate finances leads to poor mental health and self-efficacy in low-income neighborhoods. My thesis is that the effects of poverty are the most important social factor that contributes to the academic and economic underachievement of Blacks in America.…
One of the more common stressors facing adolescents today is economics. Especially in these trying financial times many families are experiencing during the recession. The economic stress can impact parenting skills adversely by one or the other taking it out on their adolescent children. Parents may get frustrated easily and take it out on their children by cursing and/or yelling, or over reacting to minor problems. In turn the adolescent may respond by getting depressed, and engage in negative behavior patterns in the home and at school.” Findings from a number of studies have also posited the linkage of economic strain with a variety of socio emotional problems in childhood and adolescence, including depression, conduct and psychological disorders, and social mal adaptation.” (Taylor, R. D.1994) Research also indicates that adolescents that live in poor run down areas exhibit low levels of self esteem and high levels of anxiety.…
Before this era, it was widely believed and encouraged that children would be more successful than their parents, but this old-fashion notion was antiquated in this decade. The country began to tear as part of it moved forward while the other had no desire to progress. Not only was the country becoming fragmented, but so was the structure of the family. The once ideal traditional nuclear family included one working father and one stay at home mother who’d care for the children and do the chores. The traditional family life was rejected during this period of time. More women were working, divorces rate soared, out of wedlock births had become increasingly common, and much of the country was single. People even started living in communities of like people. Single Americans would rent an apartment in a single apartment complex and seniors would stay together in retirement…
Support from every member of the family was vital to the family’s survival through the depression. In a study of 12 great depression survives by Iowa State University, every generation of a family utilized a comprehensive type of family support to help meet the emotional and physical needs of every member . Every member of the family, regardless of age, would provide support for the family . Then in turn, each member of the family would receive support . To support children, parents were backed up by aunts, uncles and other relatives . Middle age, unmarried relatives would move to live with the family to bring another source of income into the family . Every member of the family worked hard to contribute to the well-being of the entire family…
These disadvantages have caused a social stagnation among subsequent generations within these groups. Undeniably, the stresses of disadvantaged families trying to reach self-sufficiency have caused many to experience behavioral and emotional issues of which the result…
What the studies do not reflect are the effects that the welfare system may have on families and children. Some people feel that the work requirements placed on single parents could have harmful effects on their children, particularly on adolescents. As single parents join the work force, many teens are left without parental supervision, and many of them have to assume parental responsibilities for their younger siblings. It is feared that the increased lack of supervision, and added stress of parental duties, can lead to poor scholastic performance and an increase of juvenile delinquency. Another concern is that although the number of single mothers receiving welfare has dramatically reduced since the welfare reform act of 1996, the poverty rates among children of single mothers remains very high (Dunifon 2). This may be caused by single mothers leaving the welfare system in order to work at low-paying jobs. Unfortunately, there have been few studies done to accurately evaluate the effects that PRWORA has had on families and children living in…
As stated in Joan Asarnow’s Treatments for adolescent depression: Theory and Practice, 15% to 20% of the youth’s population is estimated to experience any given form of a depressive disorder by the age of 18. Young adults who experience depression commonly struggle with the disorder throughout their lives; and this can possibly lead to the abuse of drugs and alcohol, as well as suicidal manners from pubescent years, into adulthood stages. Paralleling Lorant’s aforementioned 7-year Longitudinal Population Study, a study by the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health demonstrated similar results, while emphasizing more on the higher levels of child mental health effects and depression associated with a low household income, which is typically contributed by parental occupation and wages. A study reviewed by both Harvard Medical School and the University of Michigan explained an additional factor of teenage depression being the academic achievements of their parents. Higher subjective status is linked with diminished risks of behavior disorders among adolescents, but not among those whose parents participated in the lowest level of education. As reported by R. Jay Turner and Blair Wheaton in the journal The Epidemiology of Social Stress, not attaining a proper or full time education has various reasons, the leading cause is…
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2007 Annual Meetings of the National Council on Family Relations, Pittsburgh, PA. T. Rothrauff (&) Á T. M. Cooney Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Missouri, 314 Gentry Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA e-mail: tcrp6d@mizzou.edu…
A family that deals with hardships constantly when it comes to finances may have a variety of effects on a child’s development. There tends to be a chain of events that may occur, in this type of situation. Parents that experience the pressure from unstable employment, and possibly many debts, may feel that they cannot cope with their financial problems. They then may have the tendency to become moody or depressed, which in turn may cause marital conflict. This marital conflict may disrupt the parent’s ability to be a supporting, involved and nurturing parent. This, according to Davies & Cummings (1998), may contribute to child and adolescent problems, such as low self-esteem, poor school performance, poor peer relations, and behaviour problems such as depression, hostility and anti-social conduct.…
Poverty is an epidemic that has swept the American nation many times over. Whether it be quietly lingering under the surface, or blatantly staring us in the face as it is in this current recession, it affects people across America on individual, community and national levels alike. While there are many causes and effects of poverty, it is important to view the issue of poverty and its causes from all angles when one seeks to tackle the problem. These factors include socio-economic status, mental illness, family values and work ethics, to name a few. In this essay, I will be examining these factors as they are discussed in the book, The Glass Castle by Jeanette Walls (referred to as Glass Castle throughout essay), as well as in the article Poverty in America from the Congressional Digest, December 2010 (referred to as Census throughout the essay).…
In a study collected about poor families, it was found that in the U.S. poor families tended to be ran by black woman and 31% of all poor households were ran by young black women. Wilson found this fact to be astonishing because of the fact that African Americans account for only 12% of the United States population. Wilson’s study of family life in Chicago revealed that marriage has declined at a much faster rate among young, unemployed black fathers than it has for young employed black fathers. However, findings from research did not find a string correlation between employment and rates of marriage. In the case of marriages among black cultural influences trump structural ones. Studies also revealed that responses between employment and marriage among poor women, despite race remain similar. Just like in all previous chapters, the segregation of inner city blacks, as well as the issues of joblessness and lack of opportunity, continue to play a great role in all aspects of African Americans…