Acids,Bases and Salts

Acid Base And Salt
Acid
Acids:- The word ‘Acid’ came from Latin word ‘Acidus or Acere’ which means sour.
Sour taste is the most common characteristic of acid. Acid turns blue litmus paper red. There are many substances which contain acid and hence taste sour, such as curd, tamarind, lemon, etc.
Types of Acids:- Acids are divided into two types on the basis of their occurrence – Natural acids and Mineral acids.
Natural Acid:- Acids which are obtained from natural sources are called natural acid or organic acid.
Some common organic acid their and natural source
Name of Acid
Source
Acetic acid
Vinegar
Ascorbic acid
Amla

Guava
Citric acid
Lemon

Orange

Other citrus food
Lactic acid
Sour milk Curd
Methanoic acid
Ant sting

Nettle sting
Oxalic acid
Tomato
Tartaric acid
Tamarind
Mineral Acids:- Acids that prepare from mineral are known as mineral acids, inorganic acids, man-made acids or synthetic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, etc.
Chemical Properties of Acid
Reaction of acids with metal:
Acids give hydrogen gas along with respective salt when they react with a metal.

Example:-
Hydrogen gas and zinc chloride are formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal.

Hydrogen gas and sodium chloride are formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium metal.

Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with iron.

Hydrogen gas and zinc sulphate are formed when zinc metal reacts with sulphuric acid

Test for hydrogen gas:
The gas evolved after reaction of acid with metal can be tested by bringing a lighted candle near it. If the gas burns with pop sound, then it confirms the evolution of hydrogen gas. Burning with pop sound is the characteristic test for hydrogen gas.
Reaction of acids with metal carbonate:
Acids give carbon dioxide gas and respective salts along with