Change Management - Kodak
CONTENT PAGE
Page
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Organizational “Metamorphosis”
1.2
Focusing the “Focus”
1.3
Legacy of Kodak
1.4
The Kodak “Plunge”
2.
TECHNO-VATION
2.1
Literature Review (Technology and Innovation)
2.2
Analysis
3.
CULTURAL BLUEPRINT
3.1
Literature Review (Organisational Culture)
3.2
Analysis
4.
CHANGE RESISTANCE
4.1
Literature Review (Change Management Models)
4.2
Analysis
5.
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
1. INTRODUCTION
“Changing organizations is as messy as it is exhilarating, as frustrating as it is satisfying, as muddling-through and creative a process as it is a rational one.” (Palmer et al, 2009).
1.1 Organizational “Metamorphosis”
Change is the only constant that has kept any entity relevant and viable in any aspect. Throughout the centuries, it is notable that by changing and adapting to the environment, an entity will be able to survive or it will get obsolete and ultimately disappear. Relating the above to managing and leading strategic changes, organizations will have to rapidly evolve in an attempt to survive the onslaught of various enmity such intense competitions, technological advancements, consumer needs, etc. to maintain profitability and most importantly business sustainability. Globalization in its path, has brought about interconnection of the global marketplaces and sharing of information like never before, resulting in consumers demanding better services and products at lower costs (Daft, 2009, p8). These resultants has created immense pressure on numerous organizations to strategize in keeping operating cost low and concurrently yield viable product innovations from research and development along with feasible marketing of these products.
In another article by Mckee et al (1989), it was highlighted that
Page
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Organizational “Metamorphosis”
1.2
Focusing the “Focus”
1.3
Legacy of Kodak
1.4
The Kodak “Plunge”
2.
TECHNO-VATION
2.1
Literature Review (Technology and Innovation)
2.2
Analysis
3.
CULTURAL BLUEPRINT
3.1
Literature Review (Organisational Culture)
3.2
Analysis
4.
CHANGE RESISTANCE
4.1
Literature Review (Change Management Models)
4.2
Analysis
5.
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
1. INTRODUCTION
“Changing organizations is as messy as it is exhilarating, as frustrating as it is satisfying, as muddling-through and creative a process as it is a rational one.” (Palmer et al, 2009).
1.1 Organizational “Metamorphosis”
Change is the only constant that has kept any entity relevant and viable in any aspect. Throughout the centuries, it is notable that by changing and adapting to the environment, an entity will be able to survive or it will get obsolete and ultimately disappear. Relating the above to managing and leading strategic changes, organizations will have to rapidly evolve in an attempt to survive the onslaught of various enmity such intense competitions, technological advancements, consumer needs, etc. to maintain profitability and most importantly business sustainability. Globalization in its path, has brought about interconnection of the global marketplaces and sharing of information like never before, resulting in consumers demanding better services and products at lower costs (Daft, 2009, p8). These resultants has created immense pressure on numerous organizations to strategize in keeping operating cost low and concurrently yield viable product innovations from research and development along with feasible marketing of these products.
In another article by Mckee et al (1989), it was highlighted that
References: Bernard, H. and Pelto, P. 1987. Technology and social change. Prospect Heights: Waveland. Cameron, K. and Quinn, R. 1999. Diagnosing and changing organizational culture. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley. Daft, R. 2001. Organization theory and design. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub.. Deutsch, C. 2008. At Kodak, Some Old Things Are New Again. The New York Times, 2 May. Kanter, R. 1997. Rosabeth Moss Kanter on the frontiers of management. [Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press]. Kodak.com. 1888. History of Kodak. [online] Available at: http://www.kodak.com/ek/US/en/Our_Company/History_of_Kodak/Imaging-_the_basics.htm [Accessed: 30 Aug 2013]. Kotter, J., Schlesinger, L. and Sathe, V. 1979. Organization. Homewood, Ill.: R.D. Irwin. Mckee, D., Varadarajan, P. and Pride, W. 1989. Strategic adaptability and firm performance: a market-contingent perspective. The Journal of Marketing, pp. 21--35. Mui, C. 2012. How Kodak Failed. Forbes, 18 January. Palmer, I., Akin, G. and Dunford, R. 2009. Managing organizational change. Boston, Mass. [u.a.]: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Pangarkar, N. 2012. High performance companies. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons (Asia). Schein, E. 2004. Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Schumpeter, J. and Opie, R. 1934. The theory of economic development. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Spaulding, W. 1982. Technological Advances: Discovery, Invention, Innovation, Diffusion, Research and Development. [online] Available at: http://thismatter.com/economics/technological-advances.htm [Accessed: 31 Aug 2013]. The Economist. 2013. The last Kodak moment?. [online] Available at: http://www.economist.com/node/21542796 [Accessed: 30 Aug 2013]. The Strategy Tank. 2006. Untitled. [online] Available at: http://www.martinfrost.ws/htmlfiles/oct2011/What-Went-Wrong-At-Eastman-Kodak.pdf [Accessed: 30 Aug 2013]. Uri.edu. 1980. Organizational Culture. [online] Available at: http://www.uri.edu/research/lrc/scholl/webnotes/Culture.htm [Accessed: 31 Aug 2013]. REFERENCES http://books.google.com.sg/books?hl=en&lr=&id=CmFjF5tNmuEC&oi=fnd&pg=PR19&dq=organisation+adaptability&ots=XqDJzMBTqe&sig=1n8VSvP1txkw1MDiVAkjysTHLPM#v=onepage&q=organisation%20adaptability&f=false (Daft, 2009) http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1251340?uid=3738992&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21102578393363 (Mckee et al, 1989) http://www.aomevents.com/media/files/ISS%202012/ISS%20SESSION%204/Robertson.pdf http://www.forbes.com/sites/lisaquast/2012/11/26/overcome-the-5-main-reasons-people-resist-change/ http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/02/technology/02kodak.html?_r=0 (Deutsch, 2008)