Chapter 8 Renewable Energy Part 1
Chapter 8
Renewable Energy
Part 1
Where do we get energy from ?
PLANETARY ENERGY
RESOURCES
Non-Renewable Sources
• Fossil-fuel sources of energy:
• Coal
• Gas
• Oil
• During earlier periods of the Earth’s history, fossilization of biological material created the deposits of coal, oil and gas, of which at least 1023
Joule is presently believed to be recoverable in a form suitable for fuel uses (Sorensen, 2011).
• Nuclear energy may be released in large quantities from nuclear reactions (Sorensen, 2011).
Non-Renewable Sources
Source: US Energy Information Administration
Non-Renewable Sources
Source: US Energy Information Administration
• Estimates of reserves, fossil or nuclear, are extremely uncertain and are sure to be greatly underestimated because of incomplete prospecting. Known reserves of coal, oil and gas
Coal
39,000 EJ (2002)
Oil
18,900 EJ (2002)
Gas
15,700 EJ (2002)
Liquefied gas
EJ= 1018 Joule
Source: da Rosa, 2009.
2,300 EJ (2002)
• An even more uncertain estimate of reserves of fissile materials are given in the Table below. This estimate of nuclear fuels do not include the reserves of the former Soviet Union and China.
Known reserves of fissionable materials
235U
2,600 EJ
238U
320,000 EJ
232Th
Source: da Rosa, 2009.
11,000 EJ
COAL
In general, the older the coal the higher the carbon content and the more valuable the resource is.
The quality and usefulness of any coal depends not only on the organic remains from which it solidified, but also on the inorganic fraction
(sulphur,
arsenic, cadmium, mercury and radioactive material).
Coal is most usefully ranked according to its percentage carbon content (the higher the better); Anthracite, Bituminous, Lignite....
COAL
The combustion of coal; Almost all coal used today in the developed world is burnt within boilers, with the purpose of heating water.
Coal boilers vary in size and design-from a few kilowatts in the home to over 600 MW in a power station, but
Renewable Energy
Part 1
Where do we get energy from ?
PLANETARY ENERGY
RESOURCES
Non-Renewable Sources
• Fossil-fuel sources of energy:
• Coal
• Gas
• Oil
• During earlier periods of the Earth’s history, fossilization of biological material created the deposits of coal, oil and gas, of which at least 1023
Joule is presently believed to be recoverable in a form suitable for fuel uses (Sorensen, 2011).
• Nuclear energy may be released in large quantities from nuclear reactions (Sorensen, 2011).
Non-Renewable Sources
Source: US Energy Information Administration
Non-Renewable Sources
Source: US Energy Information Administration
• Estimates of reserves, fossil or nuclear, are extremely uncertain and are sure to be greatly underestimated because of incomplete prospecting. Known reserves of coal, oil and gas
Coal
39,000 EJ (2002)
Oil
18,900 EJ (2002)
Gas
15,700 EJ (2002)
Liquefied gas
EJ= 1018 Joule
Source: da Rosa, 2009.
2,300 EJ (2002)
• An even more uncertain estimate of reserves of fissile materials are given in the Table below. This estimate of nuclear fuels do not include the reserves of the former Soviet Union and China.
Known reserves of fissionable materials
235U
2,600 EJ
238U
320,000 EJ
232Th
Source: da Rosa, 2009.
11,000 EJ
COAL
In general, the older the coal the higher the carbon content and the more valuable the resource is.
The quality and usefulness of any coal depends not only on the organic remains from which it solidified, but also on the inorganic fraction
(sulphur,
arsenic, cadmium, mercury and radioactive material).
Coal is most usefully ranked according to its percentage carbon content (the higher the better); Anthracite, Bituminous, Lignite....
COAL
The combustion of coal; Almost all coal used today in the developed world is burnt within boilers, with the purpose of heating water.
Coal boilers vary in size and design-from a few kilowatts in the home to over 600 MW in a power station, but