Chapter Ii Reasearch About Garbage

Allocated sepparate boxes for storing biodegradable and non-biodegradable, which they ultimately sell to junkyards. As for the garbage from markets, a pit was dug near the municipal MRF where market wastes are combined with farm manure to turn into fertlizer. These are given away to vegetable farmers fo free. Since then, they renamed the MRF as Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility (ISWMF). In the new ISWMF, the production of hollow blocks takes place. The plastic waste is pulverized. Then, two sacks of the pulverized plastic are mixed with a bag of cement and 15 pails of sand. The mixture is then poured into a molder. This procedures about 140 to 150 hollow blocks. Aside from hollow blocks, they also mold paving brick, wall cladding, cement tiles, paving blocks, and cement balusters. However, environmentalists have raised concerns regarding the durability of the product. They said plastics aren’t perfect for holding construction materials together. According to Marlon Pielago, the chief implementer of the solid waste management program and a municipal environment and natual resources officer, they are well aware of the qualit of their products. They are admittedly not as solid as the commercially produced ones, which are made of pure construction materials. Howeve, he defended that their hollow blocks made with plastic have passed strength tests that are conducted by the Bureau of Product Standards. Their hollow blocks were classified as “no load-bearing “products. This means it can only be used in structures like fences, walls, and canals. At present, the ISWMF are receiving orders of hollow blocks. The Teresa government is also passing the technology on to barangays so that they can make their own concrete materials. Not inly are they able to address the municipality’s garbage problem, they opened a business portunity for the town and the residents as well. EPA(2007, Feb. 9) states that rural folks can beat the high prices of housing materials. Out of farm waster and ordinary soil, one can make durable hallow blocks comparable in strength to commercial ones. The hallow blocks can be made right on the building site and fashioned similar to commercial hollow blocks. Although considered strictly non-load bearing, it is vey satisfactory for low cost housing. Its compressive strength ranges from 197 to 386 pounds per square inch (psi). TJ Burgonio(2007, May 20) says that, TERESA, Rizal, Philippines, the foot of the hill overlooking a vast rice field here, Alex Ramo scoops up plastic wrappers from a mountain of thrash-filled sacks and stuffs them into a diesel-powered pulverizer. Accoding to Science Daily(2010, Nov. 9) the scientists wanted to understand the ways in which humans are being exposed to per fluorinated carboxylic acids (PCFAs), compounds that have been found in human blood that results from a breakdown of chemicals used to make everyday products such as non-stick kitchen pans, water-resistant clothing and food packaging. So they exposed lab rats to polyfluroalkyl phosphate esters (PAPs), chemicals used to greaseproof food wrappers (think fast food packaging and microwave popcorn bags). Illac Diaz (2010) states that “You’e talking about empty land and building only in one way, which is cement, steel and glass. But maybe we’re too poor to keep on just using one solution. So if education is important then we should look at all available solutions. That is why this plastic bottle is a good start. It’s a pioneering way to look at how a simple plastic bottle can be used as a brick.” Czarina Nicole Ong (2011, April 21) says that is possible to make hollow blocks out of waste materials . According to Crispin Lao (2012, June 21) the recycling of plastic and other solid waste is more productive than an outright ban on plastic. According to Manila Bulletin (2012, July 25) recycling polyethylene terephhalate (PET) bottles could help dclog drainages and prevent flooding. Increasing usage of plastics bottles for softdrinks, juices, and water is becoming a major headache for governments worlwide as they add to mountain of trash which destroy the environment. According to Leman (2012, Sept. 15) says that what we collect are only soft plastics, not he hard plastics, which still have value for junk shops. His chairs, park benches and decking pieces can easily be mistaken for real wood, and could last up tp 20 years, way above the five-year average lifespan of wooden chairs, he says. Melecio Franco (2012, Sept. 23) recycling opportunities offered by a local non-profit organization will help the city save money, keep tons of garbage out of landfills and raise much needed funds for a food pantry. Jucell Marie P. Cuyos (2012) says that hollow block making machine at the MRF could produce 50 hollow blocks . The ingredients are a bag of cement mixed with sand and shedded plastic.
Foreign Literature According to Mercier, Camille (1996, February) to create addecorative border arrangements on ground, a kit of blocks and interonnecting pieces is provided. To assemmble the blocks end to end into a row, the opposite sides of the interconnecting pieces compromise respective mutually mating interconnecting elements extending transversely of the row and being slidable in each other upon transversal displacement of an interconnecting piece between the confronting end faces of a pair of consecutive blocks, thus fastening the two confronting end faces togethr. When desired, prickets are used to anchor the blocks to the ground to obtain a semi-permanent construction. The hollow block output of rice hull study was made to know the effect of mixing burned rice hull in making Concrete Hollow Block CHB. The study showed that CHB with burned rice hulll passed the allowable compressive strength of standard CHB so that burned rice hull could be a material to reduce the amount of cement in making CHB fo low cost housing projects. Burned Rice Hull Mixed Concrete in Hollow Blocks. (2004) Mike Adams (2006, September) said that people are recycling old cardboard boxes from laundry detergent made with toxic ingredients and chemicals that wash down the drain and pollute the streams, groundwater and ultimately, the ocean. According to Tom Croarkin (2008) the confusion over what we can and cannot recycle continues to confound consumers. Plastics ae especially troublesome, as different types of plastic require different processing to be reformulated and re-used as raw material. Developed by the Forest Product Research and Industries Development Commision makes use of a minimum amount of cement to make a stronger hollow block. Using the cubic foot measuring box, mix together one box of cement and three boxes of agriwaste, or the equivalent proportions. With the materials form a hill with a crater on the top. Pour water slowly, then, thoroughly mix them with a shovel until the paste is formed. The mixture must be neither dy or too wet such that they would atay packed when molded and when removed from mold. (2008). Guidny, Chennai (2012) states that most of us are aware of plastics and its uses. Its cost, varied usage and sustainability makes it a favorite utility. Plastics are more sought after steel. Instead of rubber, glass and wood, the use of plastics is increasing day by day.