Chapter Review Answers Chapter 5
Chapter 5
Obtaining energy and nutrients for life
CHAPTER REVIEW
Key words
absorption alimentary canal amylase anus autotrophic autotrophs bile bile duct bolus carnivores cellular respiration chloroplasts chyme colon cystic fibrosis digestion digestive system duodenum emulsification enzymes faeces foregut fermenters gall bladder gastric juice herbivores heterotrophic heterotrophs hindgut fermenters ileum jejunum lacteals large intestine liver mucus oesophagus omnivores pancreas pepsin peristalsis photosynthesis prey pyloric sphincter rectum ruminants
SA:V ratio small intestine spawning stomach villi Questions
1 Making connections Use at least six of the key words from this chapter to construct a concept map.
Checklist
Refer to chapter 1 and review the way in which concept maps are constructed.
Comments
Refer to the answer to question 1 of chapter 1.
2 Applying your understanding Indicate whether each of the following organisms is autotrophic or heterotrophic. a a lemon tree b the ringworm fungus of a dog c a breastfed baby d a red seaweed
Checklist
Read the section ‘Heterotrophs and autotrophs’ (pp. 101–2).
Comments
a A lemon tree is an autotroph. b The ringworm fungus of a dog is a heterotroph. c A breastfed baby is heterotrophic. d A red seaweed is autotrophic.
3 Communicating your understanding
Refer to figures 3.19 (page 71) and 5.5 (page 104).
a List three characteristics of leaves that facilitate their ability to photosynthesise. b The stomata of some plants close for an hour or more at about midday. Explain whether there is likely to be any advantage for the plant. c When plants are removed from soil and transplanted elsewhere, they often wilt for a few days even when a ready supply of water is available. They generally recover after a few days. Explain this observation.
Checklist
Read the section ‘Plants structures in relation to photosynthesis’ (pp. 104–5).
Comments
a Choose any three from the following list:
flat shape
Obtaining energy and nutrients for life
CHAPTER REVIEW
Key words
absorption alimentary canal amylase anus autotrophic autotrophs bile bile duct bolus carnivores cellular respiration chloroplasts chyme colon cystic fibrosis digestion digestive system duodenum emulsification enzymes faeces foregut fermenters gall bladder gastric juice herbivores heterotrophic heterotrophs hindgut fermenters ileum jejunum lacteals large intestine liver mucus oesophagus omnivores pancreas pepsin peristalsis photosynthesis prey pyloric sphincter rectum ruminants
SA:V ratio small intestine spawning stomach villi Questions
1 Making connections Use at least six of the key words from this chapter to construct a concept map.
Checklist
Refer to chapter 1 and review the way in which concept maps are constructed.
Comments
Refer to the answer to question 1 of chapter 1.
2 Applying your understanding Indicate whether each of the following organisms is autotrophic or heterotrophic. a a lemon tree b the ringworm fungus of a dog c a breastfed baby d a red seaweed
Checklist
Read the section ‘Heterotrophs and autotrophs’ (pp. 101–2).
Comments
a A lemon tree is an autotroph. b The ringworm fungus of a dog is a heterotroph. c A breastfed baby is heterotrophic. d A red seaweed is autotrophic.
3 Communicating your understanding
Refer to figures 3.19 (page 71) and 5.5 (page 104).
a List three characteristics of leaves that facilitate their ability to photosynthesise. b The stomata of some plants close for an hour or more at about midday. Explain whether there is likely to be any advantage for the plant. c When plants are removed from soil and transplanted elsewhere, they often wilt for a few days even when a ready supply of water is available. They generally recover after a few days. Explain this observation.
Checklist
Read the section ‘Plants structures in relation to photosynthesis’ (pp. 104–5).
Comments
a Choose any three from the following list:
flat shape