Characteristics Between Bacteria And Fungi

Bacteria and Fungi are both very diverse groups of organisms and have numerous characteristics which set them apart from other living creatures. The domain bacteria possess traits which differentiate themselves from other organisms for example bacteria have prokaryotic cells, which means that their cells lack a nucleus, instead, they contain a nucleoid which contains a single circular chromosome. Additionally, bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles, but most do have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan which is critical to a bacteria’s survival. In addition to varying cellular structures, bacteria also vary in the method by which they acquire nutrition. Bacteria can be either autotrophic, meaning they are able to produce nutrients by themselves,
Located in the domain Eukarya, the cells of a fungus contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Similar to human cells, the cells of a fungus also have paired chromosomes and are much larger when compared to a prokaryotic cell. Unlike human cells, fungi are made of hyphae, which are fibrous branching filaments. Fungi also have a cell wall; however, their cell walls are composed of chitin, instead peptidoglycan. Fungi are heterotrophs, which means they consume nutrients from their environment. Similar to bacteria, fungi can have both beneficial and harmful effects. Fungi may cause diseases such as ringworm, athlete’s foot, or valley fever, but they can also have a positive effect on the human body by acting as a source of nutrition, fungi species such as shiitake mushrooms and truffles can be used as food by
These values gave a clear understanding of the different species and density of bacteria and fungi which were found on the cell phones. Species richness was the number of different species which were observed, in this lab, the color was used to differentiate different species. Relative abundance, which is the proportion of each species in the community (2017). These two values were then applied to the Shannon Diversity Index using the formula: -\sum p_ilnp_i, where i is the sample and p is the proportion of the selected species to the whole, to calculate the species diversity (2017). These values were used because they can be applied towards experiments in additional biological and medical field. For example, scientists can use measurements such as species richness and diversity to study the growth and spread of pathogens which may affect the world in the future. Additionally, these values can be applied to the field of creating new medical treatments, as these measurements give a standardized system to observe the number of bacteria and fungi which would be remaining after the tested drug was