Characteristics of Organisms
Chapter 1: Classification and Characteristics of Living Organisms
Organisms - An individual living thing, such as an animal or a plant, is called an organism.
There are seven characteristics of living organisms –
Nutrition
Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain energy and raw materials from nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates and fats for growth and repair.
Photosynthesis is the process of nourishment of green plants.
Digestion is the process of nourishment of green plants.
Respiration
Respiration is the process of the breakdown of nutrients (glucose) to release energy.
It occurs in cells of the organism
It is of 2 types- Anaerobic (No Oxygen) and Aerobic (Oxygen)
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (34-36 ATP + heat)
Movement
Movement is the change of position of an organism to change positions or move pats of them.
Plants too move in various different ways.
The movement may be so slow that it is very difficult to see.
Growth
Growth is the permanent increase in size and the dry mass of the organism.
Plants keep on growing for their whole lives.
Animals stop growing at a certain age.
Excretion
Excretion is the process of the removal of the metabolic waste from the body.
Metabolism is the term given to the entire chemical reactions taking place in the body.
Plants store this waste in their leaves so that it is removed when they fall off.
Sensitivity
Sensitivity is the response of a change in the environment of the organism.
Such a change is called a Stimulus.
Reproduction
It is the process by which an organism produces new individuals.
Asexual reproduction is when only one parent is involved.
Sexual reproduction is where two parents are involved.
The classification of organisms is called Taxonomy
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Invertebrates
Nematodes
Thread-like Bodies
No Segments
Organisms - An individual living thing, such as an animal or a plant, is called an organism.
There are seven characteristics of living organisms –
Nutrition
Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain energy and raw materials from nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates and fats for growth and repair.
Photosynthesis is the process of nourishment of green plants.
Digestion is the process of nourishment of green plants.
Respiration
Respiration is the process of the breakdown of nutrients (glucose) to release energy.
It occurs in cells of the organism
It is of 2 types- Anaerobic (No Oxygen) and Aerobic (Oxygen)
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (34-36 ATP + heat)
Movement
Movement is the change of position of an organism to change positions or move pats of them.
Plants too move in various different ways.
The movement may be so slow that it is very difficult to see.
Growth
Growth is the permanent increase in size and the dry mass of the organism.
Plants keep on growing for their whole lives.
Animals stop growing at a certain age.
Excretion
Excretion is the process of the removal of the metabolic waste from the body.
Metabolism is the term given to the entire chemical reactions taking place in the body.
Plants store this waste in their leaves so that it is removed when they fall off.
Sensitivity
Sensitivity is the response of a change in the environment of the organism.
Such a change is called a Stimulus.
Reproduction
It is the process by which an organism produces new individuals.
Asexual reproduction is when only one parent is involved.
Sexual reproduction is where two parents are involved.
The classification of organisms is called Taxonomy
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Invertebrates
Nematodes
Thread-like Bodies
No Segments