For centuries, society defined women using their generational stereotypes. According to Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, the woman’s social status progression and digression needs to be investigated. Her book, “Good Wives”, expands on what societal stereotypes created the ideal women in 17th and 18th century New England. Ulrich approached the topic with a virtually unbiased opinion and attempted to explore all socio-economic classes to relay deeper understanding of pre-modern gender roles.…
Britain in the 19th century was a patriarchal society and the dominant idea was that there are irrefutable natural differences between genders. Therefore, males, who occupied the dominant positions, were born for business, finance, and politics, while women were expected to marry, manage the family, and take care of the children. It seems that females in that period were thought to be miserable, tragic, and wretched and did not have suffrage rights, the right to sue, or the right to own property. Their inferior jobs such as babysitter or textile worker were barely enough to survive on. Worse still, most working women were employed in the unskilled, unorganized, service jobs and were paid a lower salary. Some of them were even required to become prostitutes out of desperation. Later, females entered some male dominated industries, but they only got one third of a man’s salary. There were still a large amount of women who lived as housewives, like Mrs. Thorold was pretending to do in the novel. They merely managed the family or were considered decoration in the living room. Women’s social value and working rights were denied by men, who were the heads of society.…
Across cultures and across time, surface beauty has been idealized and integrated into societies to the extent to which it is almost necessary to determine one’s societal rank or role. In many cases, those who are considered more beautiful are given luxuries that those who are less fortunate are kept from. In a time when both looks and money ruled the social scene, Charles Dickens in his novel Bleak House makes an opposing argument. Dickens claims that the preoccupation with physical beauty is trivial and is not as significant as it is believed to be in the time of garish looks and materialism because it does not always guarantee either a secure or happy future. The novel serves as a form of satire for Dickens because he makes a social commentary on the disadvantages of beauty as opposed to the ways in which having good looks can be beneficial. Both Ada and Esther are beautiful, however Ada is conventionally pretty while Esther is relatively plain. Dickens uses examples throughout Bleak House however, in which Esther fairs better than Ada because of the triviality of appearance, even when others exaggerate it’s importance. Readers can benefit from the commentary that Dickens makes because he helps to emphasize that materialistic values such as those placed on the importance of surface beauty are incorrect.…
Women are not play things. Women are not worldly. Women are not allowed to vote. Women are completely morally upright. Women are sexually chaste and submissive. Women are center and upholder of the household. Women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century were laden with these societal rules, especially in Victorian communities. According to Kyle Potter of Georgetown College, “women (of this period) measured any spiritual exercise by the extent to which it denied oneself personal comforts and pleasures.” Women were also the ones solely responsible for the raising of the children of the family. With all of this weight and responsibility, women were not even considered strong or independent enough to vote in elections or to work outside…
In the Victorian era, men were more socially accepted because of their gender. They had more social power because society gave more trust, responsibility, and rank to men. The choices women made were based on the men they lived around. Males were the dependents of the woman’s future, whether it was as family, or workers. Yet this was the perspective of everyone, it was not always fair, nor true.…
In the Victorian era, women and men were assigned different gender roles. The notion of gender roles entailed that man may go outside the home and subject himself to mistakes, while women must tend to the household and stand as an example of exceptional morality. According to John Ruskin, a man is “the doer, the creator, the discoverer, the defender. His intellect is for…war, and for conquest.” However a woman’s “intellect is not for invention or creation but for sweet ordering, arrangement, and decision. She sees the qualities of things, their claims, and their places” (Ruskin). A man is free to adventure and subject himself to mistakes and questionable morals, while a woman must stay at home and provide a peaceful and morally sound shelter. Ruskin claims that despite expecting women must remain enclosed in the household, that they possess a different kind of power than men. A woman is “incorruptibly good” and “infallibly wise.” She is free to judge the man’s morality as she is never at fault. Ruskin asserts this assumption by saying that as a woman “rules, all must be right, or nothing is.” He claims that women are…
Since what seems like the beginning of human civilization, the role of the female has varied from society to society. This role is symbolically represented in The Odyssey by Homer and A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens, two of the most famous works of literature, and yet two of the most different. In each book, the author uses a rich variety of symbolism to express themes he finds necessary to enrich the story. In both books, feminine figures are used as symbolism to represent the role of the female in the society of the author.…
Double standards are clearly represented in the novel by Oscar Wilde, An Ideal Husband, that talks about the position of women in the society. In this play, women are attributed to several things, for instance, an idea that women stand for the irrational, women have a wonderful natural feeling concerning a number of things. They are able to discover everything except the most obvious things in society. In addition to these, the play as well indicates that the life of a man is more important and valuable as compared to a woman’s life. Wilde’s An Ideal Husband highlights the role of women in society in the 19th century in England.…
In the early 1700’s the lives of men and women were very different. Social equality was not extended to the women in the household. Wealth, intelligence, and social status were not of importance when it came to be head of the household. They were taught that their husbands were above then and that it was a “wife’s duty” to “love and reverence them,” (Henretta 97).…
Men and women are considered discrete and are expected to follow specific gender roles, otherwise they are viewed differently. These gender roles are “derived from classical thought, Christian ideology, and contemporary science and medicine.” Since women were paid less than men and had certain jobs, the expectations for them were “derived from these virtues and weaknesses.” men and women, who were poor, sometimes had to do both types of jobs “in order to survive.” There were few cases when stepping out of the gender roles were accepted. Sometimes, men would crossdress and woman would dress as men “in order to gain access to opportunities.” In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries” the “separate spheres” began to emerge and many women who didn’t live up to the “mother's” expectation “were censured as prostitutes with uncontrollable sexual desires.” Citizens finally realized “women were excluded from some occupations and activities” so “towards the end of the century new jobs outside the home became available.” Many men were treated harshly if they weren’t masculine, so the expectation for them increased drastically. Though the majority of both genders (male and female) act differently, their “separate spheres” became less and less “separate” at the end of the nineteenth…
Mulvey, Laura. Visual and Other Pleasures: Theories of Representation and Difference. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1989. Nead, Lynda. Myths of Sexuality: Representations of Women in Victorian Britain. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988. Nord, Deborah Epstein. Walking the Victorian Streets: Women, Representation, and the City. Ithaca, Cornell UP, 1995. Nunn, Pamela Gerrish. Problem Pictures: Women and Men in Victorian Painting. London Scolar Press, 1995. Reynolds, Kimberly, and Nicola Humble. Victorian Heroines: Representations of Femininity in Nineteenth-Century Literature and Art. NY: New York UP, 1993. Richie, J. Ewing. Night Side of London. London, 1857. “Sad Sights from London Bridge.” London Journal 2 (25 October 1845): 109-11. Shaw, [George] Bernard. Mrs. Warren’s Profession. Complete Plays with Prefaces. Vol. III. NY: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1963. Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. NY: Penguin, 1985. Thackeray, William Makepeace. Roundabout Papers. Boston, 1883. Wood, Christopher. Victorian Panorama: Paintings of Victorian Life. London: Faber, 1976.…
In A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens presents a story that cannot be found in textbooks. By juxtaposing different experiences of femininity and domestic life in the late 18th century, Dickens highlights a duality in French and English contemporary thought towards the role of the family in state and war. Ultimately, this serves as a commentary on the position of ethics that value compassion and order in the context of revolutionary war and major social upheaval. Two women in particular clearly embody Dickens’s commentary: Madame Defarge, whose unrelenting loyalty to revolution and deviation from feminine norms leads to a loss of rationality; and Lucie Manette, who embraces and internalizes the ideals of British family life and rejoices in…
The mystery and complexity of women were not lost on Charles Dickens, however this tenacity and strong will to overcome obstacles was misconstrued in his novel. Dickens’ view of women as portrayed in Great Expectations was as dependent. Women are dependent on the limits society places on them, dependent on men for happiness, and dependent on the class level they were born into and their upbringing.…
“Poverty and the Poor” Dr. Patricia Pulham and Dr. Brad Beaven, Dickens and the Victorian…
Charles Dickens is a writer that is expected to choose the names of his characters to match their personalities. One could even explain them being innocent atrocious or even inattentive. Take Thomas Grandgrind for instance, he is a man of realism a hard teacher that worked his students like machines hoping to produce some graduates. Then there is Mr. M'Choakumchild, he is a very atrocious man , some say he even look like an ogre. So now we move onto Cecilia Jupe aka Sissy Jupe. She is different then any other character in every way possible. This is an early scene and Sissy is the only female that has been introduced even though there are other girls in the class. Then we move on to Bitzer, which is the teacher’s pet and embarrasses Cecilia by giving the meaning of what a horse is. Bitzer was not a very nice boy and was atrocious.…