Chart Depicting the Ancient Roman Empire

PERSIAN Chart

Culture/Civilization:

Time Period:

Factual Information
Quote
CCOT

POLITICAL
Leaders, Elites
Structure--Laws
Role of Religion
Conflict
Diplomacy, Treaties
Judicial

-The Myth: Two brothers, Romulus and Remus were raised by a wolf and founded Rome in 753 B.C.E.
-The republic was run by two consuls.
- The senate ratified the consul’s decisions. The senate was made up of the upper class (patricians).
-The lower class (plebeians) was represented by Tribunes who could veto decisions made by consul and senate.
-There were often many conflicts between the Patricians and the Plebeians.
-After the empire expanded, the Romans had issues of how the land should be distributed. This cause civil war.
-Julius Caesar changed the Roman government into a dictatorship.
-Octavian (Augustus) ended major conflicts and brought Rome into its Golden Age called “Pax Romona.”
-Roman law- Twelve Tables were a set of rules established in 450 B.C.E.

“Vini Vidi Vici” -Julius Cesar.

“I found Rome brick, I left it marble.” –Augustus
Caesar.

The government at first was a republican represented by two mane rulers and a senate. It later changed into a dictator form of government with one superior leader and a less important senate.

ECONOMIC
Philosophy
Focus
Trade, Commerce
Capital/Money
Role of merchants

-Roman philosophy was modeled after the Greeks.
-The Mediterranean Sea was used for trade throughout the empire.
-The wealth of the cities brought many achievements.
-The “Pax Romona” was a time of peace and prosperity.
-The roman population was 33 percent slaves.
-The Romans farmed grapes, olives and some types of grain.
-Traded slaves and other recourses for spices.

-Romans always relied on slaves.
-As time went on, the taxes altered and people found innovated way to farm and trade increasing the economic prosperity.

RELIGIOUS
Origins
Beliefs, Teaching
Conversion
Holy Books
Influence on Society*

-The original religion was polytheistic and the gods represented different aspects if nature.
-This was based off the Greek’s religion.
-They eventually converted to Christianity and the bible became the holy book.
This caused people to change their behaviors and became dedicated to the Christian church.
"When socialism comes into power, the Roman Church will advocate socialism..."
Rome’s religion evolved from a complex polytheistic religion to Christianity. This change would alter the Roman society for much longer to come.

SOCIAL
Family
Gender Relations
Social Classes
Inequalities—coercive labor
Life Styles

-The oldest male of every family ruled.
-Women had many rights but could not hold a political role.
-Women had great influence throughout the house.
- The upper class, Patricians, held political power and owned large homes.
-The lower class, Plebeians, did laborious work.
-All Romans could afford to visit the “Bread and Circuses.”
-Most of the population was slaves in the Roman society.
If you wished to be loved, love.”

INTELLECTUAL, ARTS
Art, Music
Writing, Literature
Philosophy
Math & Science
Education
Technology

-The arts flourished during the Roman golden age, “Pax romana.”
-They developed efficient roads and a postal service.
-Romans discovered how to create concrete.
-This led them to building things such as, arches, domes, pillars and fountains.
-Public Attractions included baths, pools, gymnasia, circuses and stadiums.
-The Romans enjoyed dramas and comedies in an amphitheater.
-Aqueducts would carry water from the mountain to the cities.
-Greek philosophy greatly influenced Rome.
- Sculpted statues of important figures.
-Cicero was a writer on Stoicism.
-Spoke Latin.
-“Next to war, art is the greatest way to immortalize a person” –Roman Genn.

-“It is better to create than to learn! Creating is the essence of life” – Julius Caesar.

At first, the Romans were not gaining much technology, but towards the “Pax Romona,” the technology and arts really took off. This time of peace and prosperity allowed Romans to focus on many subjects of nature. The plays at the Amphitheaters attracted many, while significant discoveries lead to the creation of incredible architecture.

NEAR: GEOGRAPHY
Location
Physical
Movement
Human/Environment
Region

-The Roman Empire originated along the Tiber River in present day Italy
-The climate was mild and stable which was good weather for farming.
-Around the fifth century B.C.E. Rome controlled all of present day Italy.
-Eventually Rome came to extreme power and controlled majority of the Mediterranean region.
- The Mediterranean sea was used a highway for trade. Rivers were also used.
-The Roman Empire was in contact with numerous other Empires that were traded with.

“All Gual is divided into three parts”-Julius Caesar

-“All roads lead to Rome.”
Rome first started as a small city located on the Tiber River. They most likely relied on agriculture to survive. As they expanded and took control of the Mediterranean, they started to trade with many other civilizations.