CHEM 16.1 FULL REPORT
Marie Alessandra T. Reyes
Group 4 18L
Quantitative Determination of the Acidity of Soft Drinks
I. Introduction Soft drinks are well known beverages among the young that are consumed mostly for pleasure. These beverages normally contain flavoring, sweeteners coloring, carbonic acid and acids. Carbonic acid and acids play an important part in the formulation of soft drinks. They enhance the flavor and give a pleasant refreshing 'lift ' to the drink. The type of acid used can even affect the palatability of the product. The common type of acids used in soft drinks are phosphoric and citric acids.. These ingredients give soft drinks an extra bite and mouth feel. (Sale and Skinner, 1995) Soft drinks like 7 UP and Sprite are examples of beverages that contain citric acids. To determine the acidity of these drinks titration method will be used. According to Toledo (2010), titration is an analytical technique which allows the quantitative determination of a specific substance called. Titration is based on a complete chemical reaction between the analyte and the titrant which is added to the sample. The titrant is continuously added to the analyte until the reaction is complete and for easy determination of the end, color indicators are used. There are different types of titration. These are, acid base reactions or neutralization reactions, redox reactions, complexometric reactions, precipitation reactions and colloidal precipitation reactions. The experiment calls for a neutralization reaction, the analytes are the acidic soft drink samples and the titrant is the base NaOH. The equation for the titration reaction is as follows:
H3C6H5O7 + 3NaOH -----> 3H2O + Na3C6H5O7
But before proceeding to the titration of soft drink samples, the exact concentration of NaOH must be known through the process of standardization which involves performing a titration with a known amount of a stable acid, which in this case is the monoprotic acid potassium hydrogen phthalate.
Group 4 18L
Quantitative Determination of the Acidity of Soft Drinks
I. Introduction Soft drinks are well known beverages among the young that are consumed mostly for pleasure. These beverages normally contain flavoring, sweeteners coloring, carbonic acid and acids. Carbonic acid and acids play an important part in the formulation of soft drinks. They enhance the flavor and give a pleasant refreshing 'lift ' to the drink. The type of acid used can even affect the palatability of the product. The common type of acids used in soft drinks are phosphoric and citric acids.. These ingredients give soft drinks an extra bite and mouth feel. (Sale and Skinner, 1995) Soft drinks like 7 UP and Sprite are examples of beverages that contain citric acids. To determine the acidity of these drinks titration method will be used. According to Toledo (2010), titration is an analytical technique which allows the quantitative determination of a specific substance called. Titration is based on a complete chemical reaction between the analyte and the titrant which is added to the sample. The titrant is continuously added to the analyte until the reaction is complete and for easy determination of the end, color indicators are used. There are different types of titration. These are, acid base reactions or neutralization reactions, redox reactions, complexometric reactions, precipitation reactions and colloidal precipitation reactions. The experiment calls for a neutralization reaction, the analytes are the acidic soft drink samples and the titrant is the base NaOH. The equation for the titration reaction is as follows:
H3C6H5O7 + 3NaOH -----> 3H2O + Na3C6H5O7
But before proceeding to the titration of soft drink samples, the exact concentration of NaOH must be known through the process of standardization which involves performing a titration with a known amount of a stable acid, which in this case is the monoprotic acid potassium hydrogen phthalate.
References: Chang, Raymond and Jason Overby. 2011. General Chemistry: The Essential Concepts. 6th ed. United States of America: The Mcgraw-Hill Comapnies. pp 399-401. Sale J. and W. Skinner. “Composition and Food Value of Soft Drinks.” 1995: 115-122. Print. Sprite Ingredients. <http://www.coca-cola.co.uk/brands/sprite.html> November 29, 2014. “The Standardization of NaOH and KSP.” 2005: 1-5. Print. Toledo, Mettler. 2005. Basics of Titration. United States of America. Mettler-Toledo International Inc. pp. 4-6. 7UP Indgredients. <http://www.7up.com/products/#/7up> November 29, 2014.