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Chem31a BIOCHEMISTRY Experiment 4

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Chem31a BIOCHEMISTRY Experiment 4
DEPARTMENT OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
Visayas State University, Baybay City, Leyte
CHEM31a – BIOCHEMISTRY
Laboratory Report

Name: Alyssa Diane Marie L. Baljon Date Performed: May 11, 2015
Course & Year: BSChem 2 Date Submitted: May 18, 2015
Lab Schedule: M-F 7:00-10:00 Score:
Group No. 4

Experiment No. 4
Lipids

Objectives
Observe some physical and chemical properties of lipids
Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fats.
Observe saponification of triacylglycerol in the preparation of soap
Test for reactions of soap with soft water, oil and CaCl2

Results

SOLUBILITY OF LIPIDS
LIPIDS
TYPE
SOLVENTS

WATER
HEXANE
Stearic acid
Saturated fatty acids insoluble Soluble
Cedar
Unsaturated fatty acids insoluble Soluble
Butter
Saturated fatty acid insoluble Soluble
Lecithin
Phospholipid insoluble Soluble
Cholesterol
Steroid insoluble soluble
Vitamin A
Terpene
insoluble
Soluble

REACTIONS OF SOAP
#
TESTS
OBSERVATIONS

Soap (prepared)
Commercial product

E-1
Shaking
foamy foamy E-2 pH basic basic E-3
Oil
Dissolves in oil
Dissolves in oil
E-4
CaCl2 forms precipitate forms precipitate

MgCl2 forms precipitate forms precipitate

Discussion

Lipids are a group of diverse fatty or oily substances that are grouped together because they are insoluble in water and are soluble in so-called fat solvents (diethyl ether, acetone, hexane and carbon tetrachloride). The elements present are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen which are combined as esters of various fatty acids with the tri-hydroxy alcohol, glycerol. There are many different categories of lipids like triacyglycerols, phospholipids and steroids and each category has different components present in its structure. In this experiment, fatty acids are prioritized. Fatty acids are components of many types of lipids. Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with very long hydrocarbon chains, usually 12-18 carbon atoms long. Even though these carboxylic acids can hydrogen bond with water, they are insoluble


References: http://www.laney.edu/wp/cheli-fossum/files/2012/01/12-Lipids.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triglyceride http://www.oit.edu/docs/default-source/library-documents/library-publishing/che102-intro-organic-chemistry/chapter-4-9.pdf?sfvrsn=2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromine_test http://www.laney.edu/wp/cheli-fossum/files/2012/01/12-Lipids.pdf http://myweb.liu.edu/~nmatsuna/che4x/e8lipids.pdf http://www.marin.edu/homepages/erikdunmire/chem131/experiment8.pdf http://www.chymist.com/Soap%20and%20detergent.pdf
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