Chemistry Batteries: Negatively Charged Electrical Devices

Chemistry Batteries [Chemistry HSC Course-1]

What is an Anode?
An anode is the negatively charged electrode of an electrical device but in this a primary cell, that supplies current.

What is a Cathode?
A cathode is the positively charged electrode of an electrical device which in this case is a primary cell, that supplies current.

What is Current?
A flow of current which results from the ordered directional movement of electrically charged particles.
A current is the rate of flow of charge.

What is Electrolyte?
The electrolyte in a cell is a chemical medium that allows the flow of electrical charge between the cathode and anode.”
. The electrolyte is usually a solution of water or other solvents in which the ions are dissolved.
There are six cells are joined together to make up the one car battery. In the one cell the positive and negative electrodes each have several plates that are joined together in order to maximise the area of contact between electrode and the electrolyte which is done so the cell can deliver a large current.The electrode plates being close together also increases the current that the cell can deliver. With the electrode plates being so close together in a grid for form to increase surface area and is separated by a thin perforated fiberglass film. The heavy use of the plates leads to them buckling with the extreme amounts of heat which eventually leads to it short circuiting through the plastic film thus making it unserviceable.The battery can be recharged if there is an application of external current. The battery is used to provide a large amount of energy when starting a for the car's starter motor. When driving the battery is recharged by using the electrical energy from the cars alternator. By measuring the the density of the electrolyte the state of charge of the battery can be measured. As the battery discharges, the density of the sulfuric acid decreases as it is being reacted and turned into water. If you use a hydrometer on the cell and see that the floats have dropped too low which is indicating that the sulfuric acid density has decreased and so has the charge of the
In each of the individual cells the anode is made of a porous lead sheet and the cathode is made of a lead sheet that is coated is a layer of compressed Lead(IV) oxide. When the battery is in a charges state the negative electrode which is lead which the positive electrode is lead coated with lead (IV) oxide, PbO2. the electrode is around 5 mol/L diluted sulfuric acid. When the cell generates electricity, both electrodes becomes coated with insoluble lead sulfate and the the concentration of sulfuric acid decreases and fills with