Chemistry - Rates of Reaction Investigation
Chemistry Coursework Rates of Reaction Investigation
Introduction
In this investigation I am going to be investigating the reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric acid, and to see what differences in the rate of this reaction arise when different concentrations of acid are used. Below is the word equation for this reaction:
Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid = Calcium Chloride + Carbon Dioxide + Water Below is the fully balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
CaCo3 + HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Aim
The aim of this investigation is to find out whether the concentration of the acid affects the rate of reaction between the acid and marble chips.
Prediction
I predict that, as the concentration of acid in the test tube increases, so too will the rate of reaction. I think this because concentration relates to the amount of molecules in the acid, and if there is a higher concentration of acid there is a larger amount of hydrogen chloride molecules in the acid and therefore they are more likely to collide and react with the calcium carbonate ions present in the marble chips. I would expect the following graph to emerge from the results:
Plan
Before I begin my real experiment, I had to do some preliminary testing. Firstly I set up the apparatus exactly as it would be in the proper experiments. Secondly I experimented with the mass of marble chips and amount of acid used in the experiments. I decided to use acid concentrations ranging from 0.5Mol to 2Mol, and increasing in 0.5Mol increments. The marble chips were measured out into masses of 1.5g. In this preliminary test I measured the amount of gas released in the reaction every thirty seconds for three minutes. Below is the table of results for this preliminary test:
Time 0.5mol 1mol 1.5mol 2mol
30secs 6cm3 10cm3 20cm3 31cm3
1min 12cm3 24cm3 38cm3 57cm3
1min30 18cm3 36cm3 55cm3 78cm3
2min 23cm3 46cm3 69cm3 95cm3
2min30 27cm3 55cm3 83cm3 110cm3
3min 30cm3 61cm3 93cm3 120cm3
Introduction
In this investigation I am going to be investigating the reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric acid, and to see what differences in the rate of this reaction arise when different concentrations of acid are used. Below is the word equation for this reaction:
Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid = Calcium Chloride + Carbon Dioxide + Water Below is the fully balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
CaCo3 + HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Aim
The aim of this investigation is to find out whether the concentration of the acid affects the rate of reaction between the acid and marble chips.
Prediction
I predict that, as the concentration of acid in the test tube increases, so too will the rate of reaction. I think this because concentration relates to the amount of molecules in the acid, and if there is a higher concentration of acid there is a larger amount of hydrogen chloride molecules in the acid and therefore they are more likely to collide and react with the calcium carbonate ions present in the marble chips. I would expect the following graph to emerge from the results:
Plan
Before I begin my real experiment, I had to do some preliminary testing. Firstly I set up the apparatus exactly as it would be in the proper experiments. Secondly I experimented with the mass of marble chips and amount of acid used in the experiments. I decided to use acid concentrations ranging from 0.5Mol to 2Mol, and increasing in 0.5Mol increments. The marble chips were measured out into masses of 1.5g. In this preliminary test I measured the amount of gas released in the reaction every thirty seconds for three minutes. Below is the table of results for this preliminary test:
Time 0.5mol 1mol 1.5mol 2mol
30secs 6cm3 10cm3 20cm3 31cm3
1min 12cm3 24cm3 38cm3 57cm3
1min30 18cm3 36cm3 55cm3 78cm3
2min 23cm3 46cm3 69cm3 95cm3
2min30 27cm3 55cm3 83cm3 110cm3
3min 30cm3 61cm3 93cm3 120cm3