Chinese martial arts
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"Kung fu" redirects here. For other uses, see Kung fu (disambiguation). | This article contains Chinesetext. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbolsinstead of Chinese characters. |
Wushu | Traditional Chinese | 武術 | Literal meaning | martial art | [show]Transcriptions | |
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Chinese martial arts, popularly referred to as kung fu or gung fu (Chinese: 功夫; pinyin: gōngfu), and also by the Mandarin Chinese term wushu (simplified Chinese: 武术; traditional Chinese: 武術; pinyin: wǔshù), are a number of fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in China. These fighting styles are often classified according to common traits, identified as "families" (家, jiā), "sects" (派, pài) or "schools" (門, mén) of martial arts. Examples of such traits include physical exercises involving animal mimicry, or training methods inspired by Chinese philosophies, religions and legends. Styles that focus on qi manipulation are called internal (内家拳, nèijiāquán), while others that concentrate on improving muscle and cardiovascular fitness are called external (外家拳, wàijiāquán). Geographical association, as in northern (北拳, běiquán) and southern (南拳, nánquán), is another popular classification method. Contents [hide] * 1 Terminology * 1.1 The term "kung fu" * 2 History * 2.1 Legendary origins * 2.2 Early history * 2.2.1 Philosophical influences * 2.3 Shaolin and temple-based martial arts * 2.4 Modern history * 2.4.1 Republican period * 2.4.2 People's Republic * 3 Styles * 4 Training *