Chlamydia Trachomatis Essay

Nowadays resistance to antibiotics is one of the major challenges facing treatment of bacterial infections. The majority of human pathogenic bacteria have been resistant to clinically used antibiotics. Moreover, the currently used antibiotics have low selectivity against bacteria and thereby affect both pathogenic bacteria and our benign endogenous microflora. Therefore, there is a need to find out a novel approach that inhibits the bacterial pathogenesis and infection [1-3].
Chlamydia trachomatis is the main sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen and it causes pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Chlamydia species are obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria that have a unique biphasic developmental cycle: a metabolic
trachomatis encode the inclusion membrane proteins; Npt1 and Npt2 (Nucleoside triphosphate transport protein). The Npt1 facilitates the import of host cell ATP coupled to the export of ADP while Npt2 imports ATP and other nucleotides (CTP, GTP and UTP) in a proton dependent fashion [8, 9]. Npt1 has been found in both EB and RB forms of C. trachomatis and Npt1 transcripts are present throughout development [10 11]. The RB form of C. trachomatis needs high amount of ATP for biosynthetic reactions used in the replication of RBs and subsequently for RB-to-EB transition [11]. Bacterial Npt protein is functionally different from human NPT1 as it is a sodium-dependent phosphate transporter protein1 and a urate exporter located in the renal proximal tubule in humans, and that its common gain-of-function variant causes a major subtype of gout [12]. Both nucleotide transporters (Npt1 and Npt2) seem to be restricted to a limited number of obligate intracellular bacteria Chlamydia species. These nucleotide transporters are also present in members of the order Rickettsiales, Lawsonia spp., and Candidatus Liberbacter spp., as well as plastids to acquire energy from their host