Preview

Chronoamperometry Essay

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
606 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Chronoamperometry Essay
Chronoamperometry is one of several electrochemical techniques which quantify the oxidation or reduction current of electroactive molecules at an electrode. Oxidation or reduction can be induced by changing the applied voltage at the working electrode. The concentration of the electroactive molecules is proportional to the current produced by their oxidation or reduction, which allows one to determine the concentration of electroactive neurotransmitters and other biological molecules of interest. In the chronoamperometry method, a carbon fiber microelectrode (CFM) and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode are placed in a solution of interest or directly into the brain in order to measure the concentration of biogenic amines such as NE. After initially …show more content…
For instance, in a study on extracellular 5-HT clearance in the dorsal hippocampus of rats, researchers employed in vivo chronoamperometry techniques, inserting a Nafion-coated CFM into the DG and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. Inserting 5-HT into the extracellular fluid around these areas resulted in electrochemical signals, which were compared to the signals produced in the presence of 5-HT transporter- and NE transporter-blockers to show that both of these transporters play a role in exogenous 5-HT clearance (Daws, Toney, Gerhardt, & Frazer, 1998). Renner, Pazos and Adams (1992) also effectively used Nafion-coated CFMs as part of their chronoamperometry procedure, in order to detect NE overflow, in the form of electrochemical signals, in the thalamus of rats that were exposed to various drugs and physiological stimulation. In another study, researchers electrically stimulated the LC to induce NE release from the LC to the cerebellar cortex of anesthetized rats, which resulted in an overflow of NE-resembling electroactive species. High-speed chronoamperometry, again with Nafion-coated CFMs, was used to take measurements of this evoked release, and these measurements supported the hypothesis that NE was the primary contributor to the electrically-induced signals (Bickford-Wimer, Pang, Rose,

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    -A change in Na+ did not alter the membrane potential in the resting neuron because there are less leakage sodium channels than leakage potassium channels, and more of the potassium channels are open.…

    • 979 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Physioex 3

    • 950 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Discuss the relative permeability of the membrane to Na+ and K+ in a resting neuron.…

    • 950 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Discuss the relative permeability of the membrane to Na+ and to K+ in a resting neuron.…

    • 1413 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Exercise 3: Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses: Activity 4: The Action Potential: Importance of Voltage-Gated Na+…

    • 433 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Effects of Nicotine on Brain

    • 4120 Words
    • 17 Pages

    Livingstone P.D. et al. 2009. α7 and non-α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulate dopamine release in vitro and in vivo in the rat prefrontal cortex. EJN. 29:539-550.…

    • 4120 Words
    • 17 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    PEx 3 Activity 1

    • 365 Words
    • 2 Pages

    4. Discuss the relative permeability of the membrane to Na+ and K+ in a resting neuron.…

    • 365 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The church has changed over the years. Today it is not uncommon to find women pastors over a church. Though the bible says that no women should be head over the church, and in I Timothy 2:12 it states, “But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence.” This states that a woman should not teach the church or have authority over men. They should be silent unless they are told or called to the alter to speak by the man. This is why women should not have a place of authority over men in traditional Western Christian churches.…

    • 1514 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The book Under the Eye of the Clock written by Christopher Nolan, is an autobiography written in the style of a biography about a boy named Joseph Meehan. In the novel which is written in prose form, Nolan describes his life as though he were watching it unfold rather than as a participant. The places and people identified within the novel seem to be the actual places and people from Nolan’s own life. The setting for most of the novel takes place in Dublin and Corcloon in Ireland. The title of the book, no doubt is a reference to the clock tower on the campus of Mount Temple, in which Joseph Meehan attends school through most of the book.…

    • 1322 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Even today, much is still not directly understood how the brain works. The 1950s marks the start of the field of biopsychology focusing on Penfield as he began to research into neurochemistry and underlying behavior it causes. From this, scientists began to learn about the structure of the brain and how neurotransmitters and electrochemical signals are used in order to communicate throughout the body. Development of more specialized equipment and research into pharmaceuticals and surgical techniques has lead to a greater understanding of how the brain works and the ways in which disorders can be treated in…

    • 661 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Neurotransmitters

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Acetylcholine was the first neurotransmitter to be discovered. It was isolated in 1921 by a German biologist named Otto Loewi, who would later win the Nobel Prize for his work. Acetylcholine has many functions: It is responsible for much of the stimulation of muscles, including the muscles of the gastro-intestinal system. It is also found in sensory neurons and in the autonomic nervous system, and has a part in scheduling REM (dream) sleep.…

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Lou Gehrigs Disease

    • 1581 Words
    • 7 Pages

    cells as well as certain groups of chemicals that regulate electrical impulses in the brain cause…

    • 1581 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The yellow wallpaper can be considered as a symbol of oppression of women. After the birth of her child, the protagonist is victim to post partum depression. In order to “cure” her, her husband, John confines her to a room with yellow wallpaper. John bans her from her pleasures such as writing as he believes that any simple task would limit her recovery.…

    • 250 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Unit 7. Assignment 2. The Effects of Selected Drugs and Diseases on the Central Nervous System.…

    • 479 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In this experiment, we will be investigating what stimulates action potential on the nerve being tested on the oscillator. The factors that helped determine action potential are voltage, single stimulus, Hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, the glass rod, and heat.…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Family Substance Abuse

    • 1452 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Substance abuse could become an addiction when the continued use of a substance becomes compulsive and interferes with the users ordinary responsibilities. It does not only affect those who are addicted, but it affects all the members of the family unit. One out of four families will experience problems related to the effects of substance abuse (Mordey, 2012). Substance abuse is a family disease that is capable of disrupting family life, causing negative effects that can last for a lifetime. The negative impact that substance abuse has on the American family usually includes cases of domestic violence, abused children and decreased emotional health.…

    • 1452 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays