Circulatory System
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Transport nutrients, respiratory gases, hormones, water, electrolytes, to and from all tissues of the body
Body Fluids
Interstitial Fluid - occupies spaces surrounding the cells in the body.
Blood – contained within blood vessels
BODY FLUID COMPOSITION
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
FUNCTION:
function of the lymphatic system is to return to the blood the excess fluid (lymph) filtered across capillary walls into interstitial spaces. plays a central role in the body’s defenses. Located at intervals along the lymph vessels are lymph nodes that have several defense related functions.
Cells in the lymph glands such as macrophages remove foreign particles, especially bacteria, which might otherwise enter the general circulation. They are also centers (together with bone marrow and thymus gland) for production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes that produce antibodies— essential components of the body’s defense mechanisms
MAMMALIAN BLOOD
Plasma
1. Water 90%
2. Dissolved solids: plasma proteins, glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, various enzymes, antibodies, hormones, metabolic wastes, and traces of many other organic and inorganic materials 3. Dissolved gases: Oxygen, CO2, & N
Major protein groups:
(1) Albumins: 60%, help to keep plasma in osmotic equilibrium with the cells of the body;
(2) Globulins, (35%) that includes immunoglobulins and various metal-binding proteins;
(3) Fibrinogen: a very large protein that functions in blood coagulation.
Blood serum is plasma minus the proteins involved in clot formation
BLOOD
Formed elements
1. Red blood cells (Erythrocytes), containing hemoglobin for transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
2. White blood cells (Leukocytes), serving as scavengers and as defensive cells
3. Cell fragments (Platelets in mammals) or cells (thrombocytes in other vertebrates)
BLOOD VESSELS
Hydrostatic pressure is greater than osmotic pressure.
Net movement out of capillary Osmotic pressure is greater than
Transport nutrients, respiratory gases, hormones, water, electrolytes, to and from all tissues of the body
Body Fluids
Interstitial Fluid - occupies spaces surrounding the cells in the body.
Blood – contained within blood vessels
BODY FLUID COMPOSITION
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
FUNCTION:
function of the lymphatic system is to return to the blood the excess fluid (lymph) filtered across capillary walls into interstitial spaces. plays a central role in the body’s defenses. Located at intervals along the lymph vessels are lymph nodes that have several defense related functions.
Cells in the lymph glands such as macrophages remove foreign particles, especially bacteria, which might otherwise enter the general circulation. They are also centers (together with bone marrow and thymus gland) for production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes that produce antibodies— essential components of the body’s defense mechanisms
MAMMALIAN BLOOD
Plasma
1. Water 90%
2. Dissolved solids: plasma proteins, glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, various enzymes, antibodies, hormones, metabolic wastes, and traces of many other organic and inorganic materials 3. Dissolved gases: Oxygen, CO2, & N
Major protein groups:
(1) Albumins: 60%, help to keep plasma in osmotic equilibrium with the cells of the body;
(2) Globulins, (35%) that includes immunoglobulins and various metal-binding proteins;
(3) Fibrinogen: a very large protein that functions in blood coagulation.
Blood serum is plasma minus the proteins involved in clot formation
BLOOD
Formed elements
1. Red blood cells (Erythrocytes), containing hemoglobin for transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
2. White blood cells (Leukocytes), serving as scavengers and as defensive cells
3. Cell fragments (Platelets in mammals) or cells (thrombocytes in other vertebrates)
BLOOD VESSELS
Hydrostatic pressure is greater than osmotic pressure.
Net movement out of capillary Osmotic pressure is greater than