On May 7, 2015 the Federal Court of Appeals in New York ruled that the National Security Agency's collection of American phone records in bulk is illegal. Specifically, they ruled that the practice did not fall under the scope of the USA Patriot Act, which allows wire tapping of individuals to detect and prevent terrorism. What is the USA Patriot Act? The USA Patriot Act is a 10-letter acronym for uniting and strengthening America by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism act of 2001. It was passed by Congress following the terrorist attacks of September 11 and signed into law by George W. Bush in 2001. Later when it was set to expire in 2011 Barack Obama renewed the law for another 4 years. The Patriot Act…
“The Patriot Act (the full name is the USA Patriot Act, or Uniting and Strengthening America Act by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001" (Bush2001) was put in place by the U.S. Congress in response to September 11. The Patriot Act was put into action on October 26, 2001, at the request of President George Bush. The Justice Department now has abilities in terms of domestic as well as international tailing of not only American citizens but anyone within its jurisdiction due to the act. The Patriot Act, allows a wide range of new powers to law enforcement and intelligence gathering authorities. “The Constitution defines the underlying…
These defining attributes are for any portion of a site, even a single page containing infringing material can qualify a site as ‘rogue.’…
On September 11, 2001, four passenger planes were hijacked by sixteen members of the terrorist organization known as al-Qaeda. Two of the planes were sent to the World Trade Center in New York City, another was sent to the Pentagon in Washington D.C, while the final plane was forcibly brought down in fields outside of suburban Pennsylvania. These hijackings led to the loss of 2,980 lives, and the events of 9/11 would become the largest terrorist attack on United States soil. In the wake of these attacks, Congress quickly passed the USA PATRIOT Act, also known as the “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism” Act. The Patriot Act, as it is more commonly referred to, was created with the goal of providing government agencies the tools to seek out and prosecute any terrorists planning an attack within the country. Unfortunately for the American people, Congress was indifferent to the fact that many provisions of the Patriot Act were a violation of the Constitution. The Patriot Act has granted government establishments the capability of…
after the 9/11 attacks. Document 4 specifically goes over how the act affects the cyber and internet in dealing with U.S. security and protection along with how the act affects e-commerce and allows the government and officials acting on the defense and protection of national security and domestic security to monitor internet activities. The act allows for the government to have more power and ability to detect and prevent terrorism via the internet and computer technologies, such as powers to investigate and act on serious cybercrimes. Furthermore, the act labels act of computer trespassing of terrorism. The act also allows gives law enforcement more authority to acquire electronic data, communications and internet activity to track criminals and suspicious activities. Allows for a court under jurisdiction to issue warrants that allows for electronic searches for anywhere in the country. Document 4 also reviews the issues that the USA PATRIOT act creates such as the concerns with privacy and civil liberties of U.S. citizens since the act allows for government and law enforcement more power to monitor and investigate cyber activities. The act also deals with issues regarding E-commerce that may make the ability to conduct e-commerce more difficult,…
"The American people are beginning to realize that this piece of legislation poses a threat to our God-given freedoms protected by the U.S. Constitution."…
As technology and the internet continue to make advancements and are more commonly available to children in school classrooms and public libraries for educational purposes, the need to protect and monitor our children online has also advanced. Congress has continued to pass such laws as COPPA, CIPA, SOX, and FERPA as an attempt to filter obscene and violent content while protecting children’s personally identifiable information. The Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) of 1998, 5 U.S.C. 6501-6505 imposes certain restrictions and requirements on operators of websites or any online services directed to children under 13 years old without the parents’ consent. The Children’s Internet Protection Act CIPA was enacted by congress in 2000 to formally address any concerns about children’s access to obscene or harmful content on the internet.…
September 11, 2001 marked a catastrophic change not only in American society but in every western state including Canada. The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre and the Pentagon have had a ripple effect, spreading to the entire world and terrifying thousands of people. Following these attacks, world populations were devastated and governments faced a never-before seen need to make laws governing this new form of terror. Countries like the United States of America, United Kingdom, and Canada have passed anti-terrorism legislations that define “terrorism” and how to respond and prevent such attacks.…
The internet has changed drastically for the worst the past couple of years and it is time for a change. The NSA has taken over the privacy of our internet access, which is not appropriate. When the internet was invented this is not what the creators thought would happen. The computer engineering community needs to step in and take it back from the NSA. Companies that host our private data that we once trusted we can no longer trust anymore. Our own government has betrayed us and also violated our privacy on the internet.…
The article "The Internet: A Clear and Present Danger?" written by Cathleen Cleaver is a clear claim of the necessity of government regulation to control what is being shown on the Internet. To support her claim, Cleaver gives the pornographic web sites as an example. She argues that the regulations used to control the selling of pornography applied to porn stores, magazines, and television should also be applied to the Internet. The reason for such necessity is that it is impossible to control who is actually accessing such web sites. Following this reason, Cleaver's main claim in the article is that children can access pornographic web sites on the Internet. This claim is clearly stated by Cleaver in the fourth paragraph of her essay: "When considering what is in the public interest, we must consider the whole public, including children, as individual participants in this new medium" (460). After that her following paragraphs give examples and explanations that support the necessity of a government regulation on Internet. Such examples and explanations were very effective in order to support her claim. They made a fundamental relationship between the author's claim and the real facts that support it, helping people realize such danger by thinking about their own experience.…
The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism act of 2001 otherwise known as the USA Patriot Act was signed into law by president George W. Bush on October 26, 2001. This act is part of the foreign and defense policy area. “The foreign and defense policy area includes organizations that focus on relations between the United States and the rest of the world. Organizations that national security initiatives and other defense-related policies, as well as individual countries, are included.” This act was enacted by the 107th United States congress. It was introduced to the house of representatives by a republican representative named Jim Sensenbrenner on October 23, 2001 and passed…
With the internet changing constantly every day the United States Congress are implementing many legislative acts to address concerns with the usage of different kinds of technology. There are many advances in information technology that resulted in ethical issues such as the creation of the Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) which was put into law in the year of 2000 by Congress. This law addresses any concerns about access to offensive content on the internet in the schools and libraries. Children and teenagers are exposed to the internet daily in schools, public, and at home. The internet can expose children to inappropriate material and predators online. The schools and libraries must enforce an Internet safety policy that contains protection measures, which block or filter the internet access to images that are obscene, child pornography, and what is harmful to minors. The main purpose of the act is to protect children from the dangers that the internet has ("Federal Communications Commission", n.d.).…
In addition, the act is a threat to civil liberties because it destroys portions of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution. Those amendment rights include freedom of speech and assembly; unreasonable search and seizure; right to due process of law; speedy trial; and excessive cruel and unusual punishments. Furthermore, the act gives government authorities to tap into any phones of citizens or monitor everyday uses of the internet. The scariest part is that any Americans can be labeled as domestic terrorists if they engage in even normal criminal acts. On the other hand, the USA FREEDOM Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ending Eavesdropping, Dragnet-collection and Online Monitoring Act) was passed to impose limits on bulk collection of telecommunication data on citizens by intelligence agencies. The act extended the Patriot Act provision that involves roving wiretaps and lone wolf…
This includes, broad new authority to compel information from ISPs, friends, relatives, businesses and others, all without informing you. Immunity for businesses that voluntarily turn over your information to law enforcement. Extra punishment for use of cryptography no connection to terrorism needed. Instant police access to your credit reports upon certification that they are sought "in connection with their duties", again with no connection to terrorism needed.…
On September 11, 2001, 2,996 innocent people lost their lives and left more than 6,000 others seriously wounded. This horrendous act of terrorism waged against the United States, on American soil, forever changed the country. After the initial disbelief and shock had subsided, the anger rose and turned into rage. American citizens were united and demanded action be taken to prevent such an event from ever occurring again. Hence, the Patriot Act and the Homeland Security Act enactment was to protect the country against terrorism, activities within the United States that involve acts dangerous to human life.…