Civilization Of The Americas, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Latin America

Civilizations have been the bedrock all human achievement, with their history often originating from the will of one single individual and the collective cooperation of several groups. Civilization’s primary merits has been its stability and protection for its citizens allowing for advancements in technology, art, mathematics and philosophy. Over the course of history, many groups formed their own distinct civilizations and determined how the landscape of humanity would be carved out. The overall systems, culture, advancements, and the critical cause of decline in the worlds of the Americas, Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, Hebrew, and Iranian civilizations will be examined in along with the lasting legacies of these former societies.
The empires and cultures of each civilization possessed their own uniqueness in many aspects when it came to art, architecture, and models of governance. Of nations which rose within the Americas, the most notable were the Incas and Aztecs. The nation of the Aztecs rose in mesoamerica while the nation of the Incan empire planted it's foundations in South America, expanding its territories of from the Andes. The Aztecs were successful forging alliances and were previously under the authority of the Toltecs, eventually surpassing them by utilizing their alliances and superior military. Having installed their own reign, the nation saw its borders expand. Stability was maintained through Imperial policies and flexing military power. The contributions of the Aztecs were its additions if city centers, which bred arts and giving many styles of architecture in order to honor their Deities. Like other young nations in the Americas, the Aztec empire would find its people as dead or slaves in the face of the Spanish conquistadors. The Aztec empire's weaknesses was lack of technological advancement and inability to handle the many diseases brought from Europe. The Incan empire experienced success from its ability to maintain and expand its borders, fortifying its networks and developing its military strength. This fledgling empire experienced wealth in many aspects where culture, art, agriculture, religion, and the
The Egyptian civilization was run from a series of dynasties and led by pharoahs, with many pharaohs placed among the gods. The beginnings of Egyptian civilization was known as the Old Kingdom where it initially excelled in its stability but as agriculture lessened, taxes increased, and conflict sparked, the collapse promptly followed (Mayer "The Quest for Eternity: Egypt - Emazine"). Leading to the period after the collapse, the age of the Middle Kingdom came to be, where the twelfth and eleventh dynasties saw to regaining stability through setting public projects towards benefitting commoners (Mayer "The Quest for Eternity: Egypt - Emazine"). The Twelfth Dynasty fell prey to internal struggles as provincial governors fought for power leaving it open to invasion from the Hyksos. Eventually the period of New Kingdom came about, adopting a more expansionist outlook and pushing out the Hyksos. As this period came to a close the Period of Decadence set in, where Egypt experienced an expansion of its borders and was then overtaken by Persia (Mayer "The Quest for Eternity: Egypt - Emazine"). The contributions of Egyptian civilization was in its many buildings and structures, hieroglyphics, and polytheistic religion. Egyptian civilization’s authority and religion were integral with each other, often with leaders and the higher class of Egyptians actively associated in