code switching
1. Introduction:
A person is said to be multilingual if he or she is competent in more than one language.Multilingualism is usually the result of many factors, such as colonisation, intercultural marriage,cultural interaction, education, and many other reasons. The applied linguist Del Hymes definescommunicative linguistic competence as, '[a person] acquires competence as to when to speak,when not, and as to what to talk about with whom, when, where, in what manner' (Hymes, 1979).In this way, a person who is capable of using appropriately two languages or more is said to bemultilingual. Usually, bilinguals and multilinguals tend to switch languages within the sameutterance. This phenomenon is referred to as code-switching. Eyamba Bokamba, a professor of Second Language Acquisition at the University of Illinois defines code-switching as, '
[...] themixing of words, phrases and sentences from two distinct grammatical (sub) systems across sentence boundaries within the same speech event'
(Bokamba, 1989). Code-switching is then one phenomenon that results from bilingualism and multilingualism. Sociolinguists have always beeninterested in studying the phenomenon and the reasons that stand behind it. There are manyfactors that stand behind code-switching, like solidarity, social status, topic, affection, and persuasion.The main body of the paper is divided into three parts. The first part of the body sets thedefinition of the phenomenon of code-switching. The second paragraph highlights five reasonsthat lead to code-switching while the third paragraph contains the conclusion of the paper
Defining Code-switching:
In many situations, a speaker may shift from one code to another, intentionally or unintentionally. This shift may be from one language to another, from one dialect to another, or from one style to another for many different reasons. A bilingual teacher in class may switch hisor her language in order to elaborate a certain point they are explaining.
A person is said to be multilingual if he or she is competent in more than one language.Multilingualism is usually the result of many factors, such as colonisation, intercultural marriage,cultural interaction, education, and many other reasons. The applied linguist Del Hymes definescommunicative linguistic competence as, '[a person] acquires competence as to when to speak,when not, and as to what to talk about with whom, when, where, in what manner' (Hymes, 1979).In this way, a person who is capable of using appropriately two languages or more is said to bemultilingual. Usually, bilinguals and multilinguals tend to switch languages within the sameutterance. This phenomenon is referred to as code-switching. Eyamba Bokamba, a professor of Second Language Acquisition at the University of Illinois defines code-switching as, '
[...] themixing of words, phrases and sentences from two distinct grammatical (sub) systems across sentence boundaries within the same speech event'
(Bokamba, 1989). Code-switching is then one phenomenon that results from bilingualism and multilingualism. Sociolinguists have always beeninterested in studying the phenomenon and the reasons that stand behind it. There are manyfactors that stand behind code-switching, like solidarity, social status, topic, affection, and persuasion.The main body of the paper is divided into three parts. The first part of the body sets thedefinition of the phenomenon of code-switching. The second paragraph highlights five reasonsthat lead to code-switching while the third paragraph contains the conclusion of the paper
Defining Code-switching:
In many situations, a speaker may shift from one code to another, intentionally or unintentionally. This shift may be from one language to another, from one dialect to another, or from one style to another for many different reasons. A bilingual teacher in class may switch hisor her language in order to elaborate a certain point they are explaining.