Ta-Nehisi really sets the tone of his article in his subheading. Coates writes, “Two hundred fifty years of slavery. Ninety years of Jim Crow. Sixty years of separate but equal. Thirty-five years of racist housing policy. Until we reckon with our compounding moral debts, America will never be whole.” Coates chooses this opportune moment in today’s world to jumpstart a truthful discussion of all the terrible acts inflicted on black people throughout america's history. During the years of slavery black people were held captivate and used as free labor, not to mention all the evil acts that were done to blacks, such as sexual assault and abuse , Instruments of Torture, Whipping, shackling, lynching, burning and castration. The united states of america was built by africans at no monetary cost. In today’s economy every african american should be a millionaire. Just think about working from the early morning to the late evening every single day in bondage getting physically and mentally…
Indentured servitude and slavery existed in the ‘New World’ primarily for economic and population growth. In the book, Going to the Source, Slavery was defined as “hereditary” and “a lifetime status” and the slave must serve for life, however, on the other hand indentured servitude was “contractual” and “voluntary” although the servant is forced to serve for a fixed amount of years. Indentured servitude and slavery are strikingly parallel to each other from the fact that both parties participate in physically demanding labor and endure severe punishments induced by their master, nevertheless, the contractual agreement to each party is quite different, plus the primary skin color of the of party heavily impacts the treatment and escape punishments…
In learning about slavery and the society which it existed in, our interest should not be purely scientific, for we will have learned nothing of value. Rather we should have a desire to understand the insturments of oppression and its evils. If we can recogonize them then perhaps we can adapt ourselves when faced with their posion in our own lives. It is not possible to learn, in the context a college class, the horror felt by slaves nor the action or inaction which they felt necessary to take. However, as members in the long family line of the opressor class we have extensive documentation of our ancestors thoughts and actions. For me, this course aims to show us those thoughts and actions in their totality so that we may see their failures in the greater context of slavery and reflect. Tim Wise said that each and every one of us is a member of at least one dominating class. It is in those words that this course finds its greatest meaning - and if we are to learn anything this quarter it is that our status as a dominator brings with it tremendous responsibility. This is not the responsibility, as many slave owners believed, to take care of and educate the dominated as if they were too weak and foolish to survive without our guidance. But rather it is the responsibility to educate ourselves, and to that end, face oppression through the eyes of the oppressed as can only be done by…
The View from the Bottom Rail” After the Fact, Volume II James West Davidson and Mark Hamilton Lytle Copyright 1986 by Alfred A. Knopf Inc. Pages 177-210 Grant Hopkins AP U.S. History II September 11, 2000 The Lewinsky Scandal… A perfect example as to why we cannot accept everything at face value before carefully examining it first. Everyone thought President Clinton was behaving himself in the White House, but, as it turns out, he was most definitely not. This can be the same for history. We must carefully consider different aspects of articles so that we do no make the mistake of believing everything we read. In order to fully understand an article, we must understand the author that wrote it. It is necessary to examine prejudices, sources, information left out, and missing background information before accepting an article. This method of critical analysis allows us to better understand the article and therefore history because we are more aware of the authors and their possible mishaps. “The View from the Bottom Rail”, an article in After the Fact, provides an opportunity to examine different aspects of analysis. If we look at it carefully, then we will be able to determine if the thesis was proven effectively. In “The View from the Bottom Rail”, the authors, James Davidson and Mark Lytle, proposed, “For several reasons, that debased position has made it unusually difficult for historians to recover the freedman’s point of view.” Within the article, Davidson and Lytle cycled through different aspects as to why it is hard for historians to determine the “view from the bottom rail”. They questioned the validity of many sources that, if accurate, would have contained the perspective of an ex-slave. These sources included both white and black testimony. In order to examine these sources, the authors traced the topics using microcosm. Because they were covering a topic and not an event, microcosm was the most appropriate method of examining the subject. Davidson and…
Having grown up in a WWI and WWII world, especially with experience working in Germany, it is only logical that he would have a stronger opinion on the immorality of slavery, even with its economic benefits. He lived in a time were once again people were marked and corralled together because of a characteristic they could not help but be born with. All of Stampp’s points and his background place him in the Progressive school of history. After all, a large part of his argument is based on his idea that “the slaves were merely ordinary human beings, that innately Negroes are after all, only white men with black skins , nothing more, nothing less” (256). His exposure to death and prejudice ultimately influenced his perception of what defines a human, and he found that the answer was to be more inclusive of all people; every person was completely and without out a doubt a person. While some were saying slaves wanted to be controlled, Stampp argues that slaves wanted freedom and, “all knew that some Negroes had been emancipated; they knew that freedom was a possible condition” (258). Stampp believed in change, that it was necessary and inevitable. He knew the slaves wanted change, in fact, “ the prevalence of theft was a clear sign that slaves were discontented, at least with the standard of living imposed upon them” (269). His disagreement with Dr. Cartwright’s“dissertations on Negro diseases [which] are mere curiosities” shows that he wants to change the way we think about the mind of a slave; they are not different from us, just separated from us (266). Cartwright’s statement would most likely be ignored or refuted by the other authors, Fogel and Engerman and Genovese because it is irrelevant to the economy and efficiency of the slaves’ work for Fogel and Engerman. Genovese would argue that this dissertation would contradict the paternalist…
Slavery is taught in many, if not all, educational systems in a way that focuses on the maltreatment of Africans by Whites. This concept is usually unanimously understood to be wrong and immoral. However, very few look beyond the beatings into the social structure of the slaves. Frederick Douglass’s, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, does not specifically focus on the slave social structure. Yet, if one were to look deeper into the book, the irony of the prejudices of the slave class can become more apparent.…
During this time period, there was a growing ‘Exodus’ in which black people were leaving the hard conditions of country living and moving to city and urban areas where they had better opportunities. The passage relates how this exodus was hurting white business and threatened the steady supply of agricultural labor, particularly in the cotton fields. Apart from the masses of people leaving and hurting business, White people did not sit well with the idea of blacks having the opportunity to go to school because of their fear that black people who would be inspired to seek greater things than they were given. According to the passage, the general idea that many white people held about an educated black person was that their enlightened mind would grant them new nefarious thoughts to live by illegal on dishonest means (this is still an echoed belief today…).…
Slavery is a very strange and complex thing when you look at it as a whole. Over the past few yeas, the subject of slavery in the South has really appealed to me. This started when I traveled to Ghana, Africa along with Togo and Benin. While there, I got to tour some of the largest slave trade forts in the Dahomey kingdom. The entire time I was there I continued to ask myself how something like this could have existed for so long of a time in our history. I believe that the author is trying to point out the very strange and interesting point about slavery.…
A successful way in keeping a person ignorant is to make sure to keep him or her illiterate. This was a strategy used to keep slaves from realizing how inhumane they were being treated. Fredrick Douglass had to learn this on his own. He went through many trials and tribulations to find his own identity. African American slavery, brought about by lack of social justices is the most important political issue in this essay.…
The arguments that Christopher Browning emphasizes in Ordinary Men are based on his beliefs about the Holocaust. His argument touches base on the idea that regular citizens of Germany could commit such horrible acts without being coerced into doing so. He examines the side of the Reserve Police Battalion 101 and tries to figure out just why these gentlemen participated in the mass shootings and deportations of the Holocaust. In fact should these "gentlemen" even be called gentlemen enlight of the acts they committed upon other men?…
To know about social classes in a prose (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass), it is a duty knowing about what sociological criticism is firstly.…
Accordingly, after many delays and frustrations with the Mexican government, Stephen Austin introduced a large number of colonists from the United States. An unassuming man with a kindly presence, he was deeply respected by all, and achieved unparalleled influence over the often unruly settlers in Anglo Texas.…
One of the main arguments is that not everyone is always going to follow the rules. There is the issue of free riders; people who benefit from everyone else’s contribution to society but don’t contribute anything themselves. While it may be unfair to others, it isn’t irrational to get the same benefits as someone else for free. If a family is cooking thanksgiving dinner and one person who didn’t help cook just shows up to eat, that person made the more rational decision. Also that person isn’t disrupting any part of society because the dinner still got made on time without them. On the opposite end of free riders are those in power who seek to gain more power or to keep control of what they already have. An example of this would be wealthy plantation owners who had slaves working on hundreds of acres of land. In those days people thought that black slaves weren’t whole humans and were barely different from animals, so to them they were not denying any free equal people of their rights. They can easily rationalize it, as being ok because having slaves is more efficient than the owner’s small family trying to farm hundreds of acres of land, and its saves more money because they aren’t hiring outside contractors for the work. Obviously now people know that slavery is wrong but during that timeframe it is hard to say how it goes against the social…
The time period that is often looked upon to recognize dramatic political, social, and economic advancements and uprising opportunities is within the period of Andrew Jackson's presidency. This period in history is known as the Age of the Common Man or the era of the Jacksonian Democracy. The common man often referred to any white male of this time period regardless of social rank. During these times the alterations made in politics coextensively impacted social and economical improvements. By establishing a relationship with the common man, Andrew Jackson endorsed democracy and opportunities for American white males through economic policies and political opportunities.…
In the book “Being Black and Middle Class”, author Steele mainly focuses on her central theses which is the unequal treatment in race and class. Throughout the book she is argues continuously on the perception of discrimination. The author believes that usage of racial discrimination is a big burden for the Black race. According to the authors insights, the white class or group sees the black class as targets to comfort their guilty ethics, whereas the black people make an effort to make their status as fatalities into a kind a money that will not afford to buy a genuine value. Henceforth, she argues more that the black race must take hold of “purchasing into the zero amount game” by embracing a culture of distinction and success without depending…