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Compare and Contrast Women in Development Wid and Gender and Develapment Gad

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Compare and Contrast Women in Development Wid and Gender and Develapment Gad
Why Development Levels Differ:
The Sources of Differential Economic Growth in a Panel of
High and Low Income Countries

Charles R. Hulten
University of Maryland and NBER and Anders Isaksson
Research and Statistics Branch
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

September 2007

Acknowledgements:
We would like to thank the participants at the NBER Summer Institute 2006, as well as Nobuya
Haraguchi, for helpful comments and suggestions. Any remaining errors are our own.

Disclaimer:
The designations employed, descriptions and classifications of countries, and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. The responsibility for opinions expressed rests solely with the authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO of the opinions expressed. Although great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information herein, neither UNIDO nor its
Member States assume any responsibility for consequences which may arise from the use of the material. This document may be freely quoted or reprinted but acknowledgement is requested.
This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The views expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the views of the Secretariat of the United Nations
Industrial Development Organization. Terms such as “developed, “industrialised” and
“developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment.
Any indication of, or reference to, a country, institution or other legal entity does not constitute an endorsement.

1

Abstract:
Average income per capita in the countries of the OECD was more



References: Abramovitz, Moses (1956), "Resource and Output Trends in the United States since 1870," American Economic Review, 46(2), pp Bosworth, Barry P. and Susan M. Collins (2003), "The Empirics of Growth: An Update," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: 2, pp Caves, Douglas W., Laurits R. Christensen, and W. Erwin Diewert (1982a), "Multilateral Comparisons of Output, Input, and Productivity Using Superlative Index Numbers," Caves, Douglas W., Laurits R. Christensen, and W. Erwin Diewert (1982b), "The Economic Theory of Index Numbers and the Measurement of Input, Output, and Productivity," Econometrica, 50(6), pp. 1393-1414. Christensen, Laurits R., Diane Cummings, and Dale W. Jorgenson (1981), "Relative Productivity Levels, 1947-1973: An International Comparison," European Economic Review, 16, pp. Denison, Edward F. (1967), Why Growth Rates Differ: Postwar Experiences in Nine Western Countries, Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution. Diewert, W. Erwin (1976), "Exact and Superlative Index Numbers," Journal of Econometrics, 4, pp Dowrick Steven and Duc-Tho Nguyen (1989), "OECD Comparative Economic Growth 1950-85: Catch-up and Convergence," American Economic Review, 79(5), pp Duffy, John and Chris Papageorgiou (2000), "A Cross-Country Empirical Investigation of the Aggregate Production Function Specification,” Journal of Economic Growth, 5(1), pp. Fisher, Franklin (1965), "Embodied Technical Change and the Existence of an Aggregate Capital Stock," Review of Economic Studies, 32(4), pp Fisher, Franklin (1969), “The Existence of Aggregate Production Functions.” The Irving Fisher Lecture at the Econometric Färe, Rolf, Shawna Grosskopf, Mary Norris, and Zhongyang Zhang (1994), "Productivity Growth, Technical Progress, and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries," 26 Gollin, Douglas (2002), “Getting Income Shares Right,” Journal of Political Economy, 110(2), Griliches , Zvi (1994), "Productivity, R&D, and the Data Constraint," American Economic Review, 84, 1, pp Hall, Robert E. and Charles I. Jones 1999), “Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output Per Worker Than Others?” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(1), pp Heston, Alan, Robert Summers and Bettina Aten (2002), Penn World Table Version 6.1, Center for International Comparisons at the University of Pennsylvania (CICUP). Hulten, Charles R. (1975), "Technical Change and the Reproducibility of Capital," American Economic Review, 65(5), pp Hulten, Charles R. (1979), "On the 'Importance ' of Productivity Change," American Economic Review, 69(1), pp Isaksson, Anders (2007), “World Productivity Database”, mimeograph, Vienna: UNIDO. Jorgenson, Dale W. and Zvi Griliches (1967), "The Explanation of Productivity Change," Review of Economic Studies, 34(3), pp Jorgenson, Dale W. and Mieko Nishimizu (1978), “U.S. and Japanese Economic Growth, 19521974. An International Comparison.” Economic Journal, pp. 707-26. Klenow, Peter and Andrés Rodriguez-Clare (1997), “The Neoclassical Revival in Growth Economics: Has It Gone Too Far?” in National Bureau of Economic Research Krugman, Paul (1994), "The Myth of Asia 's Miracle," Foreign Affairs, 73(6), pp. 62-77. Landes, David S. (1998), The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Countries are So Rich and Some So Poor, New York: W.W Lucas, Robert E. Jr. (1988), “On the Mechanics of Economic Development,” Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), pp 27 Maddison, Angus (1987), "Growth and Slowdown in Advanced Capitalist Economies: Mankiw, N. Gregory, David Romer, and David N. Weil (1992), "Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth, Harvard University," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp Nishimizu, Mieko and Charles R. Hulten (1978), “The Sources of Japanese Economic Growth, 1955-71,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 60(3), pp Rodriguez, Francisco and Daniel Ortega (2006), “Are Capital Shares Higher in Poor Countries? Evidence from Industrial Surveys,” Wesleyan Economics Working Papers, No: 2006-023. Romer, Paul M. (1986), “Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth,” Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), pp Solow, Robert M. (1956), “A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), pp Solow, Robert M. (1957), “Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function.” Review of Economics and Statistics, 39(3), pp Young, Alwyn (1992), "A Tale of Two Cities: Factor Accumulation and Technical Change in Hong Kong and Singapore, in Blanchard, O.J., and S Economic Research Macroeconomics Annual 1992, Cambridge Mass: MIT Press, pp. 1354. Young, Alwyn (1995), “Tyranny of Numbers: Confronting the Statistical Realities of the East Asian Growth Experience,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(3), pp World Bank (2004), World Development Indicators 2004, Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

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