Ideals and relationships change throughout time; change itself is the evidence that time is moving forward. However, there are things that remain consistent and true, such as our relationship with God and the words of the wise. “The Wanderer” and the book of Ecclesiastes share parallel views within its discussions about mortality.…
Like Erasmus, Luther also criticized the church on its practices to get into heaven. But in addition, determined that entrance into heaven was not based on ones good deeds but of faith in god and his grace and mercy. For example, the book states “The righteousness that God demands he concluded did not result from charitable acts and religious ceremonies but was given in full measure to any and all who believe in and trust Jesus Christ as their perfect righteousness satisfying god (320) This supports that Luther strongly believed that It was ones faith in god and gods grace and mercy that allowed one into heaven. This idea was similar to the thoughts of Erasmus who laid the “egg” of criticism against the church, but it was Luther who “hatched” this egg taking the thoughts of Erasmus a step further and stating that it was ones faith in god that allowed them entrance onto heaven rather than their good…
Born in 1948 in Fort Rae, Northwest Territories, Georges Erasmus grew up to be a major political figure and hero of the aboriginal peoples in his career. As a political activist and member of the Assembly of First Nations Erasmus carried forth a legacy of being a “Native rights Crusader” (CBC, 2014); but what does it mean to be a native rights crusader? Georges Erasmus made a lifelong contribution to the welfare of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. As the president of the Dene nation, Erasmus pushed for self-government of the First Nations Peoples in Canada. During this time, Georges Erasmus rose through the political structure of the Assembly of First Nations.…
In his work Praise of Folly, Erasmus criticized the corrupt practices that were rampant in the church. Erasmus used humor to poke fun at the clergy’s abuses. He found it amusing that monks worked so hard following the church traditions only to break them at some point in time. For example, one of his monks had fasted so many times, but erased his hard works by revealing that “his fasts have always been broken by a single meal.” (Erasmus) This is one of the instances where the pretense of following church traditions made a complete mockery of church tradition. Erasmus outlined the fact that the monks insisted on following church doctrines carefully when they themselves aren’t even doing the same thing.…
The development of academic textual criticism as applied to the Biblical text by scholars such as Erasmus made clear the need for reconsideration of the interpretation and application of the Biblical texts. Ad fontes humanists pointed the church back to Classical Greece and Rome, as well as the beginnings of the Christian tradition with a commitment to the past that seemed highly likely to impact the future of the church had Luther not come along and reconceived of how to use the Biblical text. And while Luther began in earnest the rhetorical and practical use of printed materials as a means of effective and forceful communication on a large scale, it seems likely that academics (such as Erasmus or Calvin) and/or other clergy (such as Zwingli and Marpeck) would eventually have been able to use their combination of humanism, textual knowledge, and the power of the press to get across ideas worthy of creating a theological reformation of the European Church during the 16th century. As we…
Cicero, Roman Senator and Philosopher, set up specific qualities of an ideal Roman ruler. A clear role in what it takes to effectively lead. A leader must first lead a dignified life for them to lead a successful empire. Leaders must demonstrate a work ethic and ability to gain respect. With that respect, leaders must love and care for their subordinates to show their compassionate towards the Roman people. Leaders must then demonstrate ethics to provide plans that must be followed in order to bring success to their empire. Politically, Cicero’s ideals reflected on both Marcus Aurelius and Commodus in various distinct ways. Marcus Aurelius and Commodus were men that ruled the empire of Rome and their governance had a profound impact in the Roman history. However while Marcus Aurelius was a grown just, benevolent man who fought for the power of Rome and successfully won the battle, Commodus was young, ignorant, cruel ruler, who demanded respect soon after he took position as emperor, and seriously weakened Roman Empire.…
A presumption that readers may bring to the text is that Luther was just another insane believer of God. Now in the 21st century, there has been a back lash at religion. People prefer to think “logically” and believer everything scientists tell them. Students of history may brush off important texts having to do…
Luther initially begins by trying to appeal to their sense of logic by listing multiple reasons why he must go to Birmingham. Luther states that Christ had traveled to the far corners of the Greco Roman world, so he must do the same with the carrying of the gospel of freedom. By using a biblical reference, the clergymen would be more inclined to agree with Luther because the Bible is their life. He uses these references throughout the entire letter. Since Luther is utilizing the Bible, the clergymen must see the sense as to why he would want to go to Birmingham, which would convince them to agree with Luther. In lines 40-47, Luther also gives many examples of Birmingham not being reasonable, and declining any negotiations. The clergymen were asking Luther why he would not reach out to the leaders of Birmingham before coming in to the city. By giving the examples of the rejection of the leaders of Birmingham, the clergymen would have to see the logic as to why Luther would want to come to Birmingham. The clergymen clearly did not recognize the fact that Luther had already reached out to the clergymen, and had been denied by them. By using these examples, the clergymen would see the fact that it is only logical for Luther to go to Birmingham due to the lack of acceptance. Therefore, by listing biblical references, as well as giving examples of the rejection of the Birmingham leaders, Luther gives an argument that would cause the clergymen to see the reason behind his letter.…
1. According to Luther, Sola File (faith alone) should be enough to get you into heaven where as the church said you need to be good as well. 2. Luther’s position of Sola Scriptura, saying the Bible alone is authoritative while the church also believes in the church’s teaching. 3. Luther’s “Priesthood of all Believers,” arguing that individuals did not need an intermediary between himself and God. 4. Communition, also the consubstantiation, Luther thinks that bread and wine is still bread and wine and not literally the blood and body of Jesus. He just believed that there is a miracle because Jesus is present at…
Martin Luther’s understanding of theology of the cross is understood as: “the theology which is guided by the knowledge that God’s activity on out behalf is not what we as humans perceive” (Eckardt 20). He breaks believers of God into two categories of theologians, Luther emphasizes the perspectives of the “theologian…
Sinning is one thing people feel that when people do die, they should automatically go to the underworld, or hell, due to their sinful actions. In the Aeneid, book number six, Virgil describes a place where these people go when they perish on earth. When these people get to the underworld, they are judged by their actions and punished depending on the severity of it. Virgil gives us the idea that there is indeed an afterlife, just like Jesus did. But when it came to sinners, Jesus forgave people who have sinned because he wants people to learn the idea of forgiving. Also he wants people to know that nobody is perfect, and that in order for God to forgive one’s sins, he or she must forgive others. When it comes to the idea of sin both Virgil and Jesus agree that there is an afterlife; but Virgil and Jesus’ idea of sin differ when it comes to punishments and judging people as human beings.…
We, as Christians, should study secular literature because it challenges our minds and builds our faith. God constructed our minds so that we can determine what we intake as well as what we put out. We choose how we use the information, where our thoughts go, and how to seek wholeness in our education. Our education trains us on how to successfully face life, and how to apply what we learn to our "life's real, practical issues". In seeking a holistic education we are also seeking God's wholeness in our lives. As we learn we are provided many examples of education throughout history, the greatest is in the teachings of Jesus Christ.…
Protestants believed in “sola scriptura”, which is Latin for “scripture alone” and says that the scripture is the only source for knowledge on salvation and holiness. A German woodcut from the 16th century portrays the Protestant emphasis on the scripture in one of his works (Doc 3). His work advocates Protestant beliefs by showing a young preacher in the Protestant woodcut and a fat monk in the Catholic woodcut. In the Protestant woodcut, the preacher is holding a Bible, as is everyone else. This shows the importance of the Bible to Protestants compared to the Catholic woodcut in which there is no importance placed on the scripture. In the Catholic woodcut, is it very ornamental and the monk who is preaching does not have a Bible to read off of. This shows the contrast between Protestant and Catholic beliefs in doctrine. At the Diet of Worms in 1521, Luther responds to Eck saying that he will not recant his teachings unless he is “convinced by Scripture and plain reason” (Doc 5). During his speech, Luther advocates his belief in sola scriptura. Then, in 1525, when Zwiglian Protestants publish the Twelve Articles, they give an explanation of the scripture which displays sola scriptura (Doc 6).…
Kolb, Robert. Called to milk cows and govern kingdoms: Martin Luther 's teaching on the Christian 's vocations. Concordia Journal. 39 no 2 Spr 2013, p 133-141. Web Article.Kuske, David P., Gerald Kastens, Karl Walther, Daniel Witte, Michael Zuberbier, Lyle E. Albrecht, Owen A. Dorn, Paul Burmeister, and Gary Shea. Luther 's Catechism Lessons. Milwaukee, WI: Northwestern Pub. House, 2003. p 91-98. Print.Monday, William A. Rainbow Savior. Bloomington, IN: WestBow, p 139-159. 2014. Print.…
Martin explains that “Bibliodrama processes encourage participants to rely on their own theological and aesthetic, personal and political judgements when appropriating biblical traditions and making them relevant for today.” (90) Under this requirement it can be argued that other forms of biblical interpretation also accomplish the same result. For example, one can make the argument for methods such as Lectio Divina, the traditional Benedictine practice. However, the power of bibliodrama is in making the body a participant in the process of ‘unlearning’, in order to reach new depths of understanding. Martin emphasized the importance of becoming aware of our body and its importance in our ‘dance’ of…