2. How were the three Muslim early modern empires similar? The largest of the three empires, the Ottoman, stretched at its peak in the 17th century from north Africa to southern Russia, and from Hungary to the port of Aden on the southern end of the Red Sea. To the east in what is now Iran and Afghanistan, the Safavid dynasty arose to challenge the Ottomans for leadership of the Islamic world. Finally, yet another Muslim empire in India, centered like most of the earlier ones on the Delhi region of the Ganges plain, was built under the leadership of a succession of remarkable Mughal rulers.…
Europeans transformed earlier patterns of commerce by participating in new networks of exchange, such as the silver trade. This trade network “gave birth to a genuinely global network of exchange” (679) by connecting many parts of the world. The silver trade was also the “first direct and sustained link between the Americas and Asia” (680). Europeans, specifically the Portuguese and the Spanish, also assimilated into older patterns by attempting to participate in (and control) a major trade network: the Indian Ocean commerce.…
What if trade could bring together an empire? One thing as little thing such as trade can have a crazy huge impact on an empire. For example Trade had a huge impact on Byzantine empire, because The capital of the Byzantine empire was a prime place for trade, Also The fairs in the city helped with bringing a lot more money and new traders to the Byzantine empire.…
• As in the previous chapter, this time period witnessed a tremendous growth in long-distance trade due to improvements in technology. Trade through the Silk Road, the Indian Ocean, the trans-Saharan trade route, and the Mediterranean Sea led to the spread of ideas, religions, and technology. During the period known as Pax Mongolia, when peace and order were established in Eurasia due to the vast Mongol Empire, trade and cultural interaction were at their height.…
A. European merchants’ role in Asian trade was characterized mostly by transporting goods from one Asian country to another market in Asia or the Indian Ocean region.…
During the 600s to the 1450s, trading was mostly done by land. There were long-distance trading occurring then, but not as much sea travel and ocean trade routes as in the 1450s to 1750s time period. The post-classical period (600-1450) included the long-distance trade from the European to the African kingdoms. However, there wasn’t any constant trading happening between the eastern and western hemisphere. On the other side, during the time frame after this (1450-1750), trading was constant with the western and eastern hemispheres now connected by sea-based travel. World trade patterns where happening due to the Atlantic Ocean trade eventually crossing of the Pacific Ocean. Trading began with small items and grew to even humans, slaves. Trade routes influenced the cultures and belief systems back then also. Connections between different people brought both positive and negative effects. Technology also improved because of necessary traveling items.…
In the Taika and Nara, Japanese peaked in their selective borrowing from Chinese culture. In 646, the Japanese tried to introduce the Taika Reforms, to change the imperial administration to resemble the Chinese(thought it had little effect in Heian Period).Previously, Japanese scholars tried mastering Chinese characters and wrote dynastic histories like those used by emperors in China. In the Heian period, Japanese consciousness grew and Chinese influence was reduced to a minimum.…
Between 600 and 1450 CE., trade and exchange continually remained important and influential in around Eurasia and as well as in the Mexica society. Trade and exchange were main ideas that were both useful and necessary for success during this time. In Eurasia the use of the Silk Road and the Indian Ocean were both used as important trade routes. The Monsoons in the Indian Ocean were able to widen their agricultural standpoint allowing them to trade internally not only with their new goods but also with specific regions and their goods. In the Mexica society, surrounding territories had to pay a tribute to the Aztec capital and also had traded with surrounding areas. In the Islamic empires, goods such as cotton and spices were traded which were a continuous trade, in addition to the use of the Silk Road and the Indian Ocean, however, this led to new inventions, which then created the Aztec empire and later the crusades.…
Unlike the Mongols, the Islamic empire originated out of a religion. Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570 AD. He had a small group of followers in his radically different religion and with them, he created the now known religion of Islam (Pollard pg. 304). The vibrant passion of the believers of Islam is what helped to spread it so far and so fast. Within a hundred years, Islam had spread as far as North Africa, sweeping down the east coast of Africa, into southern Europe, and finally into present day India and central Asia (Pollard pg. 306-307) The Islamic empire contained so many vastly different peoples that the leading rulers, the Abbasids, started to conscript local Arab men into their armies to help keep control. As time went by though, the empire continued to grow and eventually, the Abbasid turned to nomadic groups to be hired out as mercenaries (Pollard pg. 309). This was a shift in how empires created armies. Different from the Mongols that relied entirely on their own strength for all military purposes, the Islamic empire chose to focus on spreading their religion and knowledge and leave the fighting to their hired…
The Islamic empire were undoubtedly affected by the gradual shift towards trade routes that bypassed their lands. For the most part the effects were negative that led to a decline in wealth as well as prestige of these Islamic empires. Conversely the new trade routes did allow agriculture to benefit because there was a spread of new crops. Similarly, merchants in the Islamic Empire contrived new was to take advantage of the new bustling European trade. Furthermore, two factors were instrumental in diminishing the preeminence of the Islamic Empires. These factors include European rivalry for trade in the Indian ocean, the amount of presence Britain had in India. Additionally, ingenuity on the part of the Islamic merchants did lead to some albeit small benefits to the Islamic empires. With attention to each of these factors in a more thorough fashion we can see both the negative positive effects that gradual shift towards bypassing trade routes had on these Islamic empires.…
The empires in Rome and China were wildly successful in consolidating power and expanding their influence because they used a strong central government, technology, and cultural unity in spite of the fact that they were located on opposite sides of the globe. Thus it is evident that these factors are the most critical pieces to successful create strong…
During the early modern age, three major Muslim empires controlled a large part of the land extending from eastern Europe and northern Africa to eastern India. All three of these dynasties had their roots in nomadic Turkish-speaking peoples of central Asia. These three Muslim empires shared similar political and cultural guidelines and traditions that their ancestors had adopted. Throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, these dynasties were the most dominant, by the eighteenth century, these empires had significantly weakened, because of their long, costly wars, domestic difficulties, and corrupted leadership.…
With the United States deeply in debt and doing the same thing as the Western Empire in making promises that it does not have, the full capabilities to keep it could learn from the way the Eastern Empire chose to handle their crisis. Instead of causing more burden on the people that are already citizens of the country, they could instead relieve some of the burden by relieving taxes, as was shown when this was done in the Eastern Empire. Instead of losing money like many would have thought, it allowed the people of the Empire to have more money to use. This in turn picked up the economy and allowed money to flow back into the Empire itself.…
Multiple systems of trade were introduced to the world by different people from diverse countries which made their communities more connected. They led to new theories, battles,…
During the classical era, and even in the very beginning of the post classical era, trade and economics did not play a large role in the lives of the people, and didn't until large and dominant civilizations gained the need for trade to sustain themselves. New ideas and innovations like the silk road showed the importance of trade in the later civilizations, however there was nothing like this within the classical period. In the post classical period, increased agricultural production made possible by the developing technologies led to a great economic development. This furthered economic development in turn led to the greater development of trade.…