Hyperreality: inability of consciousness to distinguish reality from a simulation of reality in which what is real and what is fiction are blended together so that there is no clear distinction between where one ends and the other begins. Hyperreality is significant as a way to explain current cultural conditions:
Consumerism, because of its reliance on sign exchange value (e.g. brand X shows that one is fashionable, car Y indicates one's wealth), could be seen as a contributing factor in the creation of hyperreality. The basic ideology of the consumer culture is that the more things you own, the happier you become. In Fight Club this culture has become the foundation on which the society is built. According to Tyler, this ideology …show more content…
By extension, Jack’s personality is a piecemeal construct of these superficial objects: “I loved that condo. I loved every stick of furniture. That was not just a bunch of stuff that got destroyed; it was me.”
People are trapped in a society where nothing exists outside the mode of production. They are taught that the purpose of being is to own as many things as possible and that once you have enough you will reach a state of happiness. The problem with this is that you will probably never feel that you have enough. The role as consumer and producer of products leaves the individual with a feeling of insignificance, as the products that were supposed to individualize you end up standardizing you instead, because everyone owns and wants the same …show more content…
Intertextuality in postmodern literature can be a reference or parallel to another literary work, an extended discussion of a work, or the adoption of a style. Intertextual figures include: allusion, quotation, calque, plagiarism, translation, pastiche and parody
Pastiche
Related to postmodern intertextuality, pastiche means to combine, or "paste" together, multiple elements. It can be seen as a representation of the chaotic, pluralistic, or information-drenched aspects of postmodern society. It can be a combination of multiple genres to create a unique narrative. Though pastiche commonly involves the mixing of genres, many other elements are also included such as temporal